Fibroma Of The Oral Cavity - Causes And Symptoms Of Fibroma Of The Tongue And Fibroma Of The Gums

2024 Author: Josephine Shorter | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 21:43

Causes and symptoms of fibroma of the tongue, gums

A neoplasm such as fibroma is often found in humans on the lips, tongue, under the mucous membrane of the cheeks and in other parts of the oral cavity. Depending on its location, it is called fibroma of the tongue, fibroid of the gums, etc. The tumor is benign and is formed by the fibers of the connective tissue covered with a mucous membrane.

Fibroma of the oral cavity is most often represented by small dense nodules, sometimes it looks like branched polyps. Cases of the disease are recorded mainly in children and adolescents from 6 to 15 years old, although the disease also occurs in adults.

Content:

• Causes of fibroma of the oral cavity
• Signs of developing oral fibroids
• Types of fibroids in the oral cavity
• Diagnostics
• Treatment of oral fibroids

Causes of fibroma of the oral cavity

According to clinical dentistry, the main reasons for the formation of fibroids in the oral cavity are inflammatory and traumatic processes, and a person's genetic predisposition is also traced. The tumor often develops with such advanced inflammatory diseases of the teeth and gums as periodontitis, stomatitis, gingivitis and glossitis.

Its formation can be caused by permanent mucosal trauma to the sharp edge of the tooth, biting the same area of soft tissues in the mouth, poor fixation of the denture or crown.

Signs of developing oral fibroids

This benign neoplasm has a rounded shape, rising above the surface of the mucous membrane and resting on a wide base or leg. Usually the fibroma is painless and enclosed in a mucous membrane. Its surface is smooth, in rare cases, ulceration is noted. When an infection joins, the tumor may become painful, reddened, and swollen.

The fibroma of the oral cavity grows rather slowly and if it is not injured, then its size remains the same for a long time. With constant irritation, the tumor can degenerate into a malignant one.

Types of fibroids in the oral cavity

There are several types of fibroids:

1. Dense (hard) fibroma - consists of coarse connective tissue fibers, tightly adjacent to each other. Due to this, the tumor is characterized by a dense consistency. Typically, this fibroma develops in the gum area and on the hard palate.
2. Soft fibroma - formed from thin, loose connective tissue fibers with a significant number of nuclei. Often the site of localization is the mucous membrane of the cheeks and tongue.
3. Fibroma from irritation is one of the most common neoplasms in the oral cavity. Despite this name, this type of fibroma is not a true tumor, but just the result of reactive hyperplasia. She is a pale pink papule with clearly defined borders, which gradually turns into a nodule. It is usually localized on the mucous membrane of the cheeks, gums, lips or tongue.

Fibroma of the tongue. This type of fibroma most often forms under the mucous membrane of the tongue, growing from the fibers of the connective tissue. It grows very slowly and forms dense, painless nodules with a non-ulcerated surface. On the mucous membrane of the tongue, mainly soft fibroids are formed, dense fibroids can develop in the soft tissues of the tongue. They are easily removed after dissection of the mucous membrane by exfoliation of fibroids followed by suturing.

Fibroma of the gums. With the formation of a fibroma of the gums, the patient feels in this place a dense formation with a smooth surface. During a medical examination, you will notice that the color of the mucous membrane is not changed and there is no pain on palpation. On the gums, mainly hard fibroids develop, characterized by very slow growth.

Symmetrical fibroids form on the palatine gum, in the third molars (teeth). They have a dense consistency and a rounded elongated shape. However, this is not a true tumor. The lesions represent only gum overgrowth resulting from reactive hyperplasia. Lobular fibroma develops in chronic injury to the gums with removable prostheses. It is characterized by a bumpy surface with traces of cicatricial changes.

Diagnostics

Based on the symptoms of fibroma and a visual examination, the dentist can immediately diagnose the disease. To determine the depth of tumor germination, the patient is sent for ultrasound. In rare cases and in the presence of ulceration and inflammation, a biopsy is performed. Histological examination of the neoplasm is most often done after removal of the fibroma.

Treatment of oral fibroids

The most effective treatment for fibroids in the mouth is surgical excision of the tumor using radio waves or a laser. The fibroma on the base is removed with an arcuate or bordering incision, on the leg - it is cut out with two bordering incisions. If the size of the fibroid is too large, then in order to prevent deformation of the mucous membrane, a patchwork wound covering is used. For this, a part of the mucous membrane is used from adjacent tissues.

Article author: Mochalov Pavel Alexandrovich | d. m. n. therapist

Education: Moscow Medical Institute. IM Sechenov, specialty - "General Medicine" in 1991, in 1993 "Occupational Diseases", in 1996 "Therapy".