Bleeding From The Anus - Causes, Suppositories, Treatment

2024 Author: Josephine Shorter | [email protected]. Last modified: 2024-01-07 17:49

Bleeding from the anus

Content:

• Rectal bleeding: cause for panic?
• Causes of bleeding from the anus
• Treatment of bleeding from the anus

It is unlikely that there is at least one person who would not notice the appearance of such an alarming symptom as bleeding from the anus.

Regardless of how large the volume of blood is released and how often it happens, any person who cares about their health will immediately understand that not everything is in order with them and, ideally, will consult a doctor.

Rectal bleeding: cause for panic?

Despite the fact that there are no insignificant reasons that could provoke such a phenomenon, still the situations may be different. Sometimes you can wait a few hours before the start of a new working day and go to see a doctor as usual.

But sometimes the situation is urgent: you should call a doctor and often - agree to hospitalization. These situations are as follows:

• Profuse bloody discharge that cannot be stopped;
• Vomiting, with contents in which traces of blood are visible;
• Bloody discharge from the nasal passages;
• Detection of hematomas, bruises, the nature of which is not mechanical (contusion, blow, etc.);
• General deterioration in health: increased body temperature, the occurrence of pain in the abdomen.

If, after visiting the toilet, you find traces of blood on paper, and one of the listed conditions is present, call an ambulance immediately.

Causes of bleeding from the anus

All existing reasons due to which rectal bleeding occurs can be conditionally divided into groups:

1. Bleeding provoked by infectious diseases:

   • Salmonellosis
   • Enterovirus
   • Rotavirus
   • The presence of parasites (worms) in the body
   • Typhoid fever
   • Diseases that can be infected with unprotected intercourse: venereal granuloma, syphilis, genital herpes
   • Dysentery
   • Hemorrhagic fevers

2. Blood diseases:

   • Leukemia
   • Mesenteric thrombosis

3. Digestive tract diseases:

   • Ulcerative lesion of the stomach and / or duodenum
   • Gastritis with the threat of transition to an ulcer
   • Varicose veins in the esophagus
   • Rectal cancer
   • Intestinal polyps
   • Intestinal tuberculosis
   • Crohn's disease
   • Nonspecific ulcerative colitis
   • Intestinal diverticulosis
   • Hemorrhoids
   • Anal fissure

Why does bleeding occur?

It is quite a logical question that arises in many patients with the diagnoses listed above - do rectal bleeding always occur with these diseases? Surely, more than one person who has successfully got rid of a particular disease will confirm that such a symptom is not necessary, but nevertheless, in some cases, patients have to deal with it.

As for cases when the patient has erosive gastritis or ulcerative lesion (stomach or duodenum), then at first such conditions, of course, do not provoke bleeding. However, if the disease is not treated, the ulcer will increase not only in area, but also "grow" inside. While it is within the mucous membrane, the patient feels only pain, however, if a blood vessel is damaged, bleeding occurs, part of the blood enters the intestines and is excreted in the feces.

One of the most common causes of anal bleeding is hemorrhoids. At the same time, this is almost the safest diagnosis for a patient's life, a symptom of which is the appearance of blood from the anus. According to medical statistics, two out of three people have to deal with hemorrhoids after 45 years. Depending on the state of the disease, spotting may appear in the form of a few drops or an abundant discharge, provoking anemia.

Often, the detection of bleeding after the act of defecation and a visit to the doctor in connection with this reveals that the patient has anal fissures.

Very often this problem occurs in people who:

• Detergents for hygiene of the perineum and anus are abused;
• Suffer from frequent constipation;
• Eating foods that ultimately lead to a strong hardening of the stool.

There are several facts that the cause of bleeding is precisely cracks. First of all, the patient notices blood only after going to the toilet. In addition, you may experience a burning sensation when using soap, and the pain during bowel movements becomes unbearable.

Often, bloody discharge from the anus may appear with ulcerative colitis or with Crohn's disease. These are chronic diseases in which the intestinal walls become inflamed, ulcers appear on them, and bowel functions are disrupted. Bleeding begins if the treatment was not carried out in a timely manner and the ulcerative lesions of the intestine were sufficiently neglected. Also, these diseases sometimes cause rupture of the intestinal walls and a malignant tumor, which will also manifest itself as bleeding of varying intensity.

In some diseases, circulatory disorders occur. These are cirrhosis, tumors, hepatitis and the presence of all kinds of parasites. Due to these conditions, the pressure in the healthy veins of the human body increases significantly. This phenomenon is not bypassed by the veins of the stomach and esophagus. If the underlying disease was detected and treated in a timely manner, the patient, most likely, will not even suspect that his veins have experienced an increased load. However, if the disease is started, the enlargement of the veins progresses and simply cannot be ignored: the patient develops heartburn, belching, after eating in the liver, he feels heaviness, often pain. Vomiting of scarlet blood is possible. At this stage, bloody discharge appears in the feces. It is extremely rare that bleeding is profuse.

There are cases when the intestinal mucosa begins to grow uncontrollably, forming growths above the surface. In this case, we are talking about polyps. While they are small, the patient does not know about their existence and only prophylactic colonoscopy can detect them. However, with the growth of polyps, constipation occurs and, as a result, the patient increasingly finds blood in the feces.

The appearance of rectal bleeding does not always mean a neglected disease. For example, with tumors of the digestive system, it is the first symptom, but the color and amount of discharge will depend on the location of the tumor. Also, almost immediately you can detect blood in intestinal diverticulosis, since this disease is characterized by protrusion of the walls.

Any infection that enters the human body negatively affects the intestines. Often, infectious diseases provoke the formation of ulcers on its walls, which may lead to bleeding, often very profuse. Therefore, if signs of infectious diseases are detected, it is required not to self-medicate, but to immediately enlist the support of a proctologist.

Unfortunately, bleeding from the anus is often a manifestation of malignant diseases of the bone marrow or blood. Most often, such bleeding is profuse, provoking anemia, in which it is almost impossible to do without blood transfusion.

On the subject: Hemorrhoids - causes, symptoms, types and modern methods of treatment

Treatment of bleeding from the anus

Rectal bleeding is not a disease, but a symptom, so you need to treat it very, very carefully. In the vast majority of cases, the patient will not be able to independently determine what caused the appearance of blood, and even more so he will not be able to choose the right treatment.

What to do if rectal bleeding is found?

If, after emptying the intestines, you find that there is an admixture of blood in the feces or traces of it remain on toilet paper, do not panic ahead of time and just try to visit a therapist as soon as possible, who will most likely appoint a consultation with a proctologist.

If the bleeding is severe enough, and at the same time you feel that your general condition is gradually deteriorating, call an ambulance. Only after a qualified specialist determines what exactly caused your condition, it will be possible to prescribe therapy.

Diagnostic methods for bleeding from the anus

In medicine, various methods are used to help determine what caused the bleeding from the anus:

• Rectoscopy - with its help, the human digestive system is examined, and more specifically, its lower parts. With this method, doctors can identify hemorrhoids, anal fissures, various formations in the sigmoid and / or rectum.
• Colonoscopy is nothing more than a more extensive rectoscopy. It is carried out by the endoscopic method and allows you to detect all the changes that have occurred in the structure of the colon.
• Irrigoscopy - for its implementation, a special substance is injected into the intestine, which is necessary to obtain a clear picture on an X-ray.
• Gastroduodenoscopy - examination of a patient using an endoscope, which allows to assess the condition of the mucous membrane of the digestive system. Sometimes with the help of this method, treatment is also carried out - moxibustion - ulcers.
• Analysis of feces, which makes it possible to detect blood, even if it is invisible visually, is prescribed in cases where the doctor suspects the patient has a disease, the symptom of which is rectal bleeding.

Therapy for bleeding from the anus

It is quite clear that with such a variety of causes provoking rectal bleeding, there can be no question of the existence of a single treatment regimen for all patients. Once again, it is worth paying attention to the fact that the pathology in question is not a disease, but a symptom, and therefore, to eliminate it, it is necessary to cure the disease that caused the bleeding. Not in every case, the blood secreted from the anus is a serious pathology, but in all cases, without exception, this is a reason to schedule a visit to the doctor. There can be no question of any self-medication, even if you know what exactly caused the appearance of the blood.

Depending on what caused the problem in question, the ways and methods of dealing with it will differ:

• Medication - used most often for the infectious nature of rectal bleeding or for helminthic invasions. Elimination of the cause entails the disappearance of the alarming symptom.
• Operational - prescribed for polyps, neoplasms, advanced forms of hemorrhoids.
• Contact - is used for ulcerative lesions of the walls of the stomach and / or duodenum (cauterization of the ulcer).
• Combined - is often required for a more effective fight against the disease. For example, with an ulcer, moxibustion is performed first, and then antibiotic therapy.

Suppositories for bleeding from the anus

Please note that not a single drug in the description of which would say that it is used for bleeding from the anus does not exist. This is due to the fact that this condition is a consequence of internal diseases that require an integrated approach. However, with some diagnoses, bleeding is eliminated, including with the help of rectal suppositories.

Most often, suppositories for bleeding from the anus are prescribed to patients with hemorrhoids. The active substances that make up such drugs have several actions at the same time: they relieve pain and promote the resorption of the nodes. For bleeding, as a rule, candles are used: Relief, Anestezol, Procto-glivenol.

If the only reason for the appearance of blood is chronic constipation, due to which the feces during bowel movements are so dense that they damage the mucous membrane, then the use of laxatives is indicated.

Regardless of what triggered the bleeding from the anus, the first thing the patient should do is to enlist the support of a qualified medical professional who will make an accurate diagnosis, establish the cause of the bleeding and prescribe its treatment.

The author of the article: Volkov Dmitry Sergeevich | c. m. n. surgeon, phlebologist

Education: Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry (1996). In 2003 he received a diploma from the Educational and Scientific Medical Center of the Presidential Administration of the Russian Federation.