2024 Author: Josephine Shorter | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 21:43
Avitaminosis
What is vitamin deficiency?
Avitaminosis becomes a consequence of poor nutrition for a long time, in the food taken in this case, vitamins are either absent or contained in insufficient quantities.
Causes of vitamin deficiency
In winter, the consumption of fresh fruits and vegetables is significantly reduced, the same ones that are included in the diet are low in vitamins. It is also difficult to get the necessary dose of vitamins in the summer, even if you consume enough fruit. To replenish the daily need for vitamins and minerals, a person will need to eat at least 1.5-2 kilograms of fruits, vegetables and berries, therefore, the cause of vitamin deficiency, with rare exceptions, is an irrational, monotonous diet, an unbalanced diet, and a low content of vitamins in food.
In the strict sense of the word, vitamin deficiency, in the usual sense for most, cannot be attributed to a serious disease, while an acute lack of vitamins is considered a serious pathology.
More than a hundred years ago, it was vitamin deficiency that threatened the health of sailors and served as the cause of scurvy and the death of sailors. Today, such acute vitamin deficiency is very rare. In most cases, patients with hypovitaminosis caused by a low content of vitamins in foods used in food turn to specialists for help. In addition to vitamins, a person may also lack trace elements. According to statistics, women in our country most of all need additional intake of iron, iodine and selenium.
Symptoms of vitamin deficiency
The symptoms of vitamin deficiency primarily appear on the skin. The skin becomes dry, pale, lethargic, prone to irritation. At the same time, hair suffers, it looks lifeless, dry, splits and falls out. Cracks may appear on the skin in the corners of the lips, which do not disappear after the application of creams and lipstick, patients' gums bleed, patients are worried about frequent colds with a prolonged recovery period. Patients almost constantly feel tired, they are irritated, apathetic. In addition, a lack of vitamins can provoke relapses of chronic diseases - such as herpes, mycoses, etc.
Treatment of vitamin deficiencies
When taken in therapeutic dosages, complexes containing multivitamins do not accumulate in the human body. You should not be afraid of synthetic drugs, which, unlike natural analogues, do not cause allergic reactions and a number of complications.
The latest generation of drugs are chemical compounds that are balanced in their composition. They are free from many of the side effects inherent in natural dietary supplements.
To date, vitamin preparations are available in a variety of dosage forms. From the point of view of pharmacokinetics, the most attractive of them is the capsule, which minimizes the likelihood of mutual neutralization of vitamins. Passing through the gastrointestinal tract, the capsule gradually dissolves, thus, vitamins enter the intestinal lumen and are absorbed sequentially.
It is better to take vitamin preparations in the morning hours, since the human body at this time of the day tunes in to daytime activity. It should also be remembered that most of the vitamins are absorbed by the body only with food. At the same time, it is not recommended to drink them with milk, carbonated water, coffee, so as not to interfere with the absorption of medicines. Capsulated preparations are swallowed whole, you do not need to chew them.
Replenishing the lack of vitamins is necessary to maintain normal metabolic processes, renew the cellular composition and for good health. The need for vitamins increases during stress, in the cold season, with significant physical exertion, a change in the climatic zone, lifestyle, and nutrition. Patients at risk - those on a strict diet for a long time, smokers - need vitamins throughout the year.
Taking vitamin preparations should meet the daily needs of a person and in no case be accompanied by excesses, exceeding the recommended dosages. An overdose of vitamins can cause a violation of their absorption and cause new ailments.
The easiest way to make up for the lack of vitamin C, despite the fairly high daily requirement of 100 mg. Vitamin C is found in large quantities in vegetables and fruits; if desired, it can be obtained from needles by preparing an infusion from it.
When replenishing vitamin deficiency by providing a balanced diet, one should remember about the thermolability of vitamins, photophobia. Vitamins are also significantly reduced in foods that are stored for a long time.
Article author: Mochalov Pavel Alexandrovich | d. m. n. therapist
Education: Moscow Medical Institute. IM Sechenov, specialty - "General Medicine" in 1991, in 1993 "Occupational Diseases", in 1996 "Therapy".
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