2024 Author: Josephine Shorter | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 21:43
Symptoms and treatment of traumatic keratitis
The causes of traumatic keratitis are non-penetrating corneal injuries, contusion injuries, foreign objects embedded in the cornea, various burns, as well as the pathogenic effect of ultraviolet irradiation on the eye.
The criterion for established keratitis is considered to be edematous and infiltrated corneal tissue. Infiltrates, which consist of lymphocytes, plasmocytes and polynuclear leukocytes, differ in indistinct boundaries, as well as in different colors, shapes and sizes. The color is influenced by the qualitative composition of the infiltrate. It acquires a whitish-grayish color in the case of a predominance of lymphocytes. A yellowish color is characteristic of purulent infiltration. Keratitis can affect up to one third of the thickness of the cornea. If the process covers the epithelium with the upper layers of the stroma, they speak of superficial keratitis. If the disease spreads to the entire stroma, keratitis is called deep. Keratitis can be complicated by necrosis, which leads to ulcers and abscesses.
Content:
- Symptoms of traumatic keratitis
- Traumatic keratitis treatment
Symptoms of traumatic keratitis
With keratitis, compensatory and restorative phenomena can develop. Corneal vascularization is a sign of them. It is the ingrowth of new vessels into the cornea, the source of which is the looped network. The depth of the lesion affects the vascularization processes. Superficial keratitis is characterized by dichotomous branching of the vessels and their transition through the corneal limbus to the infiltrate. With deep keratitis, the vessels are characterized by a rectilinear course and germination of the corneal thickness.
Superficial epithelial damage to the cornea is characterized by the occurrence of erosion, which is accompanied by soreness, lacrimation and periodic twitching of the upper eyelid. An external examination of the eye is preceded by superficial anesthesia with a 0.25% solution of dicaine or a 0.3% solution of leocaine. The size of erosion is detected after drip introduction into the conjunctiva of a 1% fluorescene solution.
Traumatic keratitis treatment
Treatment of erosive corneal lesions is based on improving trophic processes and accelerating epithelialization phenomena. As a local treatment, eye drops are used that contain vitamins (vitamin B2 with glucose and ascorbic acid), taufon, metacil, balarpan. It is also used to put in the conjunctival sac of various gels and ointments (solcoseryl, thiamine ointment).
To prevent the development of the infectious process, drip introduction of chloramphenicol, sodium sulfacyl, etc. is used.
To immobilize the eyelids, a light bandage is applied to the eyes. If a foreign body is found in the cornea, they act as follows: first, surface anesthesia is performed, then foreign bodies are removed, which are located superficially (with a tampon with a disinfectant solution), then deep foreign bodies are removed by means of a spear-shaped or grooved needle.
For the prevention of bacterial inflammation of the cornea, disinfectant drops and ointments are used. These include sulfacyl sodium, sulfapyridazine sodium, ciprofloxacin, chloramphenicol, and synthomycin and tetracycline ointment.
Article author: Mochalov Pavel Alexandrovich | d. m. n. therapist
Education: Moscow Medical Institute. IM Sechenov, specialty - "General Medicine" in 1991, in 1993 "Occupational Diseases", in 1996 "Therapy".
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