2024 Author: Josephine Shorter | [email protected]. Last modified: 2024-01-07 17:49
Atheroma on the back
Epidermoid (epidermal) cyst, or atheroma, occurs in areas of the body rich in sebaceous glands. This is the face, neck, head, groin, back. The neoplasm is considered benign, although atheroma can reach large sizes.
Content:
- The clinical picture of atheroma on the back
- Reasons for the formation of atheroma
- Treatment of atheroma on the back
- Prevention
The clinical picture of atheroma on the back
If the sebaceous duct is blocked due to trauma to the skin, inflammation of the hair follicle, or extrusion of acne, its contents are not able to escape. At the same time, the sebaceous gland continues to produce a secret. The cavity grows and increases in size, a cyst is formed.
On the back, atheroma is most often single, formed in the area of the shoulder blades or spine. It reaches large sizes (0.5-6 cm), and can grow to the size of a chicken egg. At the beginning of its development, the cyst does not cause discomfort; the patient may not notice it until he accidentally touches the atheroma. It is completely painless on palpation, has clear rounded borders.
Atheroma is mobile relative to the tissues of the epidermis, its color may be yellowish. The growing cavity, filled with mushy contents, begins to deliver unpleasant sensations associated with the pressure of clothing. On the surface of the atheroma, a dark-colored gland outlet can be found. Over time, the plug that clogs the cyst may come off. Under it, gray contents with an unpleasant odor are found. It consists of fat and epithelial cells.
If inflammation joins the growth of the cyst, soreness appears.
The development of the inflammatory process, suppuration of the cyst is accompanied by symptoms of intoxication of the body with decay products:
- Nausea, dizziness;
- Weakness, increased fatigue;
- Hyperthermia up to 38-39 °;
- Loss of appetite;
- Sleep disturbance;
- Feverish condition.
The skin around the cyst swells, becomes inflamed, hyperthermia appears, and the atheroma on the back becomes painful. To stop the purulent process, a course of antibiotic therapy is required.
Reasons for the formation of atheroma
Most often, the cyst of the sebaceous gland appears in young people aged 20-35 years, characterized by increased physical activity. They most often have excessive production of sebum.
Factors in the formation of a sebaceous cyst:
- High levels of testosterone in the blood;
- Seborrhea;
- Increased sweating (hyperhidrosis);
- Violation of lipid metabolism;
- Genetic predisposition;
- Insufficiently scrupulous adherence to hygiene rules;
- Wearing synthetic clothing that artificially increases body moisture;
- Acne;
- Microtrauma of the hair follicle;
- Abuse of cosmetics.
In men, atheroma on the back is diagnosed 2 times more often than in women. This circumstance is associated with the active production of testosterone in males.
Treatment of atheroma on the back
Diagnosis of a sebaceous gland cyst by visual examination is not a big deal for a doctor. It is important to differentiate it from lipoma, hygroma and fibroma - conditions similar to atheroma in symptoms. Treatment of an epidermal cyst is effective only with its radical enucleation. Only surgery is able to remove the atheroma along with the capsule in which it formed. Therefore, folk recipes and other methods of conservative medicine are not able to completely get rid of atheroma on the back.
Surgical treatment methods:
- The traditional way using a scalpel;
- Excision of the epidermal cyst with a laser knife;
- Radio wave removal of atheroma.
Surgical intervention is performed in complete sterility under local anesthesia. The operation takes only 30-40 minutes. First, an incision is made on the skin of the back around the capsule with the contents. Atheroma is exfoliated and removed along with the capsule in which it is enclosed. After removal, it is necessary to conduct a thorough revision of the operating field so that even a small area of cyst tissue does not remain, which can provoke a recurrence of atheroma.
After removing the cyst, the doctor applies a suture and a bandage with an antiseptic solution to the wound. The wound is disinfected and treated with each dressing. After 10-12 days, the stitches are removed. If the manipulation is carried out correctly, the scar from the operation will be minimal and the wound will heal quickly.
If the atheroma is inflamed, suppuration has appeared, the operation is performed in 2 stages:
- The cyst is opened, its contents are removed, and drainage is installed.
- After cleansing the wound, the capsule is removed.
Methods for removing atheroma on the back using a laser knife:
- Laser coagulation - melting the capsule to healthy tissue, it is used to remove small cysts up to 5 mm in diameter.
- Laser excision of a cyst together with a capsule - performing a fusimorphic incision with a laser scalpel and releasing its contents along with the membrane, it is used to remove cysts up to 2 cm in size.
- Vaporization of atheroma shell - capsule tissues are evaporated after preliminary removal of the contents through a linear incision with a scalpel.
The most modern method of removing atheroma on the back is radio wave enucleation. High frequency radio waves are able to destroy the cyst without cutting the skin, effectively destroying the cells of the capsule and the contents of the atheroma. This method gives almost no relapses, allows you to do without scars.
Prevention
To minimize the likelihood of atheroma on the back, you need to try to reduce the fat and carbohydrate content in the diet. Thorough skin care of the body, refusal to wear synthetic clothing will help keep your back skin clean and reduce perspiration.
When the first signs of atheroma appear, you should not postpone a visit to a doctor for a long time. Removal of the neoplasm in the early stages is necessary in order to prevent significant injury to the skin.
The author of the article: Volkov Dmitry Sergeevich | c. m. n. surgeon, phlebologist
Education: Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry (1996). In 2003 he received a diploma from the Educational and Scientific Medical Center of the Presidential Administration of the Russian Federation.
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