2024 Author: Josephine Shorter | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 21:43
Bursitis of the hip joint
Bursitis of the hip joint is a disease in which the synovium (together with its contents) becomes inflamed.
In most cases, with the development of bursitis, 3 periarticular bags can become inflamed around the hip joint:
- Sciatic. With inflammation of this bag, the patient develops a severe pain syndrome, the intensity of which increases even with minor physical exertion.
- Swivel. With the development of the inflammatory process in this bag, patients experience severe pain in the femur area. Most often, inflammation of the trochanteric bursa is detected in women or athletes.
- Ilium-scallop. The development of the inflammatory process in this bag is accompanied by pain in the groin area.
Content:
- Symptoms of the bursitis of the hip joint
- Causes of bursitis of the hip joint
- Diagnostics of the bursitis of the hip joint
- Treatment of bursitis of the hip joint
- Prevention of bursitis of the hip joint
Symptoms of the bursitis of the hip joint
Bursitis of the hip joint is often accompanied by certain symptoms:
- pain (sharp or gradually increasing) in the hip joint;
- burning sensation;
- problems with: bending the limbs, climbing stairs, walking for a long time, sitting on a hard surface;
- sleep disturbance (caused by pain);
- general malaise;
- weakness, lethargy, disability;
- suppuration (with the penetration of infection into the synovial bag);
- temperature increase;
- swelling (determined both by palpation and visually), etc.
Causes of bursitis of the hip joint
The main reasons for the development of bursitis of the hip joint are:
- various diseases, congenital pathologies and abnormalities (different leg lengths, curvature of the spine, arthrosis, rheumatoid arthritis, bone spurs, salt deposition, etc.);
- strong physical exertion on the hip joint;
- excessive passion for sports;
- hypothermia;
- overweight (any degree of obesity);
- sedentary (sedentary) lifestyle;
- suffered injuries (falls, damage to the protruding sections of the femur, etc.);
- performed surgical interventions on the hip joint;
- advanced age;
- disruption of the endocrine system (diabetes mellitus);
- infections entering the bursa.
Diagnostics of the bursitis of the hip joint
Due to the fact that the main symptom of the appearance of bursitis of the hip joint is severe pain, patients are forced to seek medical help. At the appointment with a specialist, the patient will undergo a thorough examination. The doctor, by palpation, will determine which bag is inflamed.
After collecting an anamnesis of the disease, the patient is assigned an additional examination:
- Aubert's test is performed;
- an x-ray is taken;
- magnetic resonance imaging is performed.
Treatment of bursitis of the hip joint
When treating bursitis of the hip joint, the first task of a doctor is to relieve pain. Patients are assigned:
- anti-inflammatory and absorbable medicines;
- pain relievers;
- fixation of the damaged joint;
- bed rest (limiting loads on the hip joint area), etc.
Physiotherapeutic procedures bring great effect in the treatment of bursitis. Patients are prescribed:
- inductotherapy;
- electrophoresis;
- microwave therapy;
- UHF therapy;
- massotherapy;
- physiotherapy exercises (exercises are selected by the instructor individually, depending on the form of bursitis);
- applications (ozokerite or paraffin wax);
- dry heat, etc.
In the event that medical and physiotherapy treatment did not bring the desired result, the patient undergoes surgical intervention. During the operation, the stretched muscles are relaxed for the patient. If indicated, the surgeon may perform excision of the trochanteric bursa, which is inflamed. Very often, during the operation, the surgeon has to drain the fluid that forms in the periarticular bag. To prevent its re-accumulation, the patient is given a surgical drain.
In severe bursitis of the hip joint, the surgeon performs a bursectomy, during which the affected bursa is removed. In recent years, modern medical centers have been using the least traumatic technique for removing the bursa - arthroscopy (using special medical equipment). Patients tolerate such a surgical procedure very well and recover very quickly. During arthroscopy, the functions of the hip joint are not impaired, since the patient is operated on with minimal contact with the tissues of his body.
Rehabilitation
All patients who underwent surgical treatment of bursitis should undergo rehabilitation, which will help them quickly return to a full-fledged lifestyle. Patients are advised to:
- give moderate exercise;
- massage;
- regularly train joints and muscles;
- walking (to facilitate walking, it is recommended to use crutches, special walkers or a cane).
Complications
On the background of bursitis of the hip joint, patients may develop various complications. Most often, the acute form of the disease turns into a chronic one, in which all the capsules of the hip joint become inflamed. This form of complication can lead to limitation of the patient's mobility.
Prevention of bursitis of the hip joint
No one is safe from the development of bursitis of the hip joint. It is possible to reduce the likelihood of this disease if preventive measures are taken in a timely manner:
- minimize the load on the bones and joints of the small pelvis;
- get rid of excess weight;
- strengthen the immune system;
- spend more time outdoors, hiking;
- to live an active lifestyle;
- go in for sports (to the extent to give physical activity to the body);
- to fully rest after a busy day at work;
- get enough sleep (go to bed at the same time);
- eat healthy foods (exclude fatty and fried foods that can lead to obesity);
- give up all bad habits, etc.
Author of the article: Kaplan Alexander Sergeevich | Orthopedist
Education: diploma in the specialty "General Medicine" received in 2009 at the Medical Academy. I. M. Sechenov. In 2012 completed postgraduate studies in Traumatology and Orthopedics at the City Clinical Hospital named after Botkin at the Department of Traumatology, Orthopedics and Disaster Surgery.
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