Januvia - Instructions For Use, Advantages Of The Drug

2024 Author: Josephine Shorter | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 21:43

Januvia: instructions for use

Type II diabetes mellitus is detected in 90% of all types of diabetes. The cells of the body cease to perceive insulin, and beta cells cease to function normally, or die altogether. In patients with diabetes, the number of beta cells is reduced by 63%. As a result, the body is unable to overcome insulin resistance.

There are many medications available to control the glycemic index. To overcome insulin resistance, biguanides and thiazolidinediones are prescribed. To produce their own insulin, sulfonylurea and clay derivatives are used. Medicines called Acarbose and Glucobay interfere with the absorption of glucose in the digestive tract. However, it is not enough to choose an effective drug, it is important that it is safe for the human body. The fact is that many drugs for the treatment of diabetes mellitus can provoke excess weight gain, and obesity is the main cause of the development of the disease.

Januvia is a drug from the DPP-4 inhibitor group. Its international names are Januvia, Sitagliptin and Sitagliptin. Taking Januvia can reduce appetite, which will further lead to weight loss. This is not the only advantage of this medication.

Januvia has been used to treat diabetes for over 10 years. During this period, it was possible to accumulate sufficient experience in its use, which makes it possible to judge the effectiveness of the drug.

Content:

• Januvia: composition and form of release
• Januvia's efficiency
• Indications for admission
• Contraindications to taking Januvia
• Possible side effects
• If an overdose occurs
• The effectiveness of treatment with Januvia as part of complex therapy
• General instructions
• Special recommendations
• Reviews
• Reviews of patients with diabetes about the drug Januvia
• Januvia's analogs

Januvia: composition and form of release

The main active ingredient of Januvia is sitagliptin, which is an incretin-mimetic. Sitagliptin is presented as phosphate monohydrate. The drug is available only in pill form, but they have different dosages. Magnesium, sodium, calcium hydrogen phosphate, microcrystalline cellulose are used as a filler.

Depending on the dosage of the drug, the color of the tablets will differ: if the dose is minimal, then the drug is pink, and if the maximum is beige.

The labeling on the tablets also characterizes their dosage:

• The 25 mg tablet is labeled 221.
• The 50 mg tablet is labeled 112.
• The 100 mg tablet is labeled 227.

All tablets are packaged in blisters, which are placed in a cardboard box.

Special storage conditions for the medicinal product are not required. It is necessary that the ambient temperature does not exceed 30 ° C. The shelf life is one year.

Januvia's efficiency

Januvia inhibits DPP-4. Treatment with this drug can increase the production of a certain class of hormones that stimulate insulin production. These hormones are called incretins. At the same time, the synthesis of glucagon in the liver decreases.

Taking the drug inhibits the breakdown of the peptide hormone (GLP-1), which is necessary for insulin to be fully absorbed by the cells of the body. As a result, blood glucose levels stabilize.

Incretins are synthesized in the intestines after a person has eaten. These hormones are responsible for controlling the production of your own insulin.

Januvia lowers blood levels of glycated hemoglobin, fasting glucose and promotes weight loss. From the organs of the digestive system, the drug enters the bloodstream for a period of 1 to 4 hours. At the same time, the calorie content of products or the time they are consumed does not affect the absorption of the drug.

It is very convenient that Januvia can be taken at any time, regardless of food. The drug is excreted mainly by the kidneys. Januvia can be used as an independent remedy for the treatment of diabetes mellitus, and in combination with other drugs. Most often, Januvia is combined with Metformin. A prerequisite is adherence to a diet and adequate physical activity.

Indications for admission

Januvia is recommended for type 2 diabetes mellitus.

In a comprehensive treatment regimen, the drug is used for the following indications:

• If the transition to a healthy lifestyle has not brought the desired result, then Januvia is prescribed in combination with Metformin.
• If the "Januvia + Metformin" regimen did not bring results, then the patients are prescribed the "Januvia + drugs from the sulfonylurea group (Glucagon, Daonil, Diabeton, Amaryl)". Also, this scheme is indicated for patients who cannot continue treatment with Metformin due to various circumstances.
• Also Januvia can be combined with Pioglitazone and Rosiglitazone.

In addition, Januvia can be combined not only in double, but also in triple combinations:

• When maintaining a healthy lifestyle and following a diet, Januvia is prescribed as an adjunct to sulfonylurea derivatives and Metformin, provided that treatment with 2 drugs did not work.
• You can also take Januvia in combination with Metformin and thiazolidinediones, if other drugs do not give a positive effect.

Januvia is often combined with insulin injections if they are not enough to overcome the disease.

Contraindications to taking Januvia

Contraindications to taking Januvia are:

• The gestation period and lactation.
• Allergy to the components that make up the drug.
• Childhood.
• Type 1 diabetes mellitus.

If the patient has problems with kidney function, then Januvia should be taken under regular monitoring of the blood count. Renal failure is the reason for switching to other drugs. The same applies to patients undergoing hemodialysis.

Possible side effects

Side effects most often develop when the patient has taken too large a dose of the drug, or he has an increased sensitivity to the components of the drug. In this case, existing diseases may worsen, or new health problems may arise. Sometimes side effects are observed only when Januvia is taken in combination with other drugs.

However, in itself, diabetes mellitus is associated with the risk of developing various complications, including acute conditions:

• DKA (diabetic ketoacidosis) is a disruption in metabolic processes.
• A pre-coma is a harbinger of a coma.
• Glycemic coma.

Chronic complications of diabetes mellitus:

• Angiopathy.
• Neuropathy.
• Retinopathy.
• Nephropathy.
• Encephalopathy, etc.

Retinopathy often leads to blindness in patients with diabetes. In the United States alone, about 24,000 cases of vision loss associated with retinopathy are recorded each year. Nephropathy is the basis for the development of renal failure, which occurs in 44% of cases. Neuropathy is the leading cause of limb amputation in patients.

If the patient violates the doctor's instructions regarding the frequency and dosage of the drug Januvia, then this can provoke digestive disorders and upset stools. Other complications include a decrease in immunity, which is manifested by infectious lesions of the respiratory system.

Also, patients taking Januvia complain of headaches and surges in blood pressure. A clinical blood test may reveal a slight increase in the level of leukocytes. There is an opinion that Januvia is capable of provoking the development of pancreatitis, but there is no scientific justification for this assumption.

If a person receives the drug for a long time, then disturbances in the work of the cardiovascular system and on the part of the hematopoietic system may appear. The patient should consult a doctor if there are changes in blood pressure readings, as well as in case of heart rhythm disturbances.

Science does not know of a single case of an organism getting used to the drug Januvia. However, if a person does not change his lifestyle, then the effect of treatment will not be achieved.

If an overdose occurs

Januvia is a drug for the treatment of a complex and serious medical condition. Therefore, one should not deviate from the treatment regimen suggested by the doctor. This is the only way to achieve the desired effect. You need to start treatment with 80 mg of the drug.

An overdose of 10 times the amount can provoke a hypoglycemic attack. In this case, a person has headaches, weakness, and digestive disorders. The patient's state of health sharply worsens.

Treatment is reduced to gastric lavage and the intake of adsorbent drugs. It is imperative to take the victim to a hospital. Depending on the symptoms of an overdose, he will be prescribed appropriate therapy.

Drug overdose does not happen often. In the overwhelming majority of cases, it is due to intolerance to the components of the drug, or the use of other medications, when prescribing complex therapy.

Overdose hemodialysis is ineffective. In 4 hours using this method, it is possible to withdraw no more than 13% of the dose taken.

The effectiveness of treatment with Januvia as part of complex therapy

With the simultaneous administration of Januvia with Rosiglitazone, Metformin, Warfarin and Simvastatin, no decrease in the activity of these drugs was observed.

If a woman is undergoing treatment, she can continue to take oral contraceptives when needed. Januvia enhances the effect of Dioxin, but dose changes are not required.

It is also allowed to combine Januvia with Cyclosporine and Ketoconazole. However, it should be borne in mind that Januvia loads the kidneys, therefore, the selection of drugs for complex treatment should be done with caution.

General instructions

Before starting therapy, you need to study the instructions for the drug. Its intake does not depend on food intake.

If a person missed taking a medicine, then this must be done as soon as he remembered about it. The dosage should be standard.

The average dose of Januvia is 100 mg / day. If the patient has kidney problems, then it is reduced to 50 mg per day. A severe course of the disease requires a daily dose of 25 mg per day. Treatment with Januvia as part of a complex therapy is impossible without prior medical advice. The endocrinologist should select the required dose.

When a patient requires dialysis, he is prescribed the minimum dose of the drug. After the age of 65, the introduction of any restrictions is not required, but only on the condition that the person does not suffer from renal pathology.

Special recommendations

Januvia is a prescription drug. Glycemia rarely develops when taken. The effect of Januvia on the body with the introduction of high doses of insulin is unknown. Therefore, such patients should regularly donate blood for sugar.

Taking Januvia does not affect the central nervous system, so a person can continue to engage in their usual work activities.

If the patient has hypersensitivity to the components of the drug, then this threatens the development of anaphylactic shock. In this case, a person develops swelling in the face area, the skin becomes covered with a rash. Quincke's edema is a severe manifestation of an allergic reaction. This condition requires the provision of emergency medical care and refusal of treatment.

Reviews

If you refuse treatment with hypoglycemic drugs, then you will not be able to avoid the progression of type 2 diabetes. In this case, it is required to choose a drug that would not provoke the emergence of new health problems.

Doctors recommend taking into account the glycemic and non-glycemic capabilities of the drug when selecting a hypoglycemic drug. Glycemic properties are a decrease in glycated hemoglobin, the likelihood of hypoglycemia, insulin production, and the safety of drug use. Non-glycemic properties are the effect on body weight, drug tolerance, safety, cost and availability for a particular patient. This also includes the features of using the drug.

Experts speak positively about Januvia:

• Lean glycemia is close to normal.
• Postprandial glucose levels are within acceptable limits.
• The drug meets all safety standards.
• Januvia is an effective medication for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.

Reviews of patients with diabetes about the drug Januvia

Alexandra Ilinichna: “I have been taking Metformin for 3 years now. The tests got worse and the doctor decided to add Januvia to the treatment regimen. Within a month I am treated with 2 drugs. I take 1 tablet in the morning. I have not noticed any side effects for myself, the sugar level can be controlled."

Olga Anatolyevna: “Januvia is not a cheap drug, for 28 tablets of 100 mg I had to pay 1,675 rubles. The drug was enough for me for a month. The effect is excellent, but apart from Januvia I have to be treated with other drugs. My budget is not designed for this, so I will ask the doctor for a replacement. Maybe someone knows a less expensive analogue."

Januvia's analogs

The following drugs can act as analogues of Januvia:

• Onglisa (base - saxagliptin). The cost of 30 tablets is 1978 rubles.
• Galvus (base - vildagliptin). For 28 tablets you need to pay 841 rubles.
• Galvus Met (base - vildagliptin and metformin). For 30 tablets, you will need to pay 1448 rubles.
• Trajenta (base - linagliptin). The price for 30 tablets is 1,866 rubles.
• Combogliz Prolong (base - metformin and saxagliptin). The most expensive drug. For 30 tablets, you will need to pay 2863 rubles.
• Nesin (base - alogliptin).

All these drugs work in the same way: they help to reduce appetite, do not have a depressing effect on the central nervous system, heart and blood vessels. Focusing on prices, you can choose the best cost drug.

Type II diabetes is not a death sentence for a person. Medicines will help you live a fulfilling life, and medical blood sugar meters are available for home use.

If a person follows the recommendations of specialists, then the disease can be taken under control. To do this, it is enough to lead a healthy lifestyle, follow a diet and take medications, one of which can be Januvia.

Author of the article: Alekseeva Maria Yurievna | Therapist

Education: From 2010 to 2016 Practitioner of the therapeutic hospital of the central medical-sanitary unit No. 21, city of elektrostal. Since 2016 she has been working in the diagnostic center No. 3.