Granuloma Of The Skin, Face, Lips

2024 Author: Josephine Shorter | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 21:43

Granuloma of the skin, face, lips

Skin granuloma

The basis for the onset of skin granulomas can be a violation in the immune system of several types, such as hypersensitivity, allergic and cytological reactions. Granulomatous inflammation is an indicator of abnormalities in the defense of the immune system. The granuloma is classified, taking into account the reaction of tissues and the predominance of cells of various types in the inflammatory process, the presence of suppuration, changes of the necrotic type, the presence of foreign bodies, the presence of infectious agents.

- Tuberculoid (epithelioid-cell) type of granuloma is observed in chronic infections. Diseases such as tuberculosis, actinomycosis, syphilis (secondary), rhinoscleroma and many others are the basis for the development of this type of granuloma.

- Granuloma of the sarcoid (histiocytic) type has, in its own way, a tissue reaction with a characteristic predominance of giant cells with many nuclei. It can develop in the presence of sarcoidosis, in the presence of tattoos on the body, with the introduction of zirconium.

- Necrobiotic (palisade-like) type of granuloma is characteristic in the presence of annular granuloma, lipoid necrobiosis, rheumatic nodules, lymphogranulomas of the venereal type. The genesis of this type of granuloma can be different, including accompanied by a deep change in blood vessels. There is a type of granuloma, which is the result of the skin's reaction to a foreign body, around which macrophages and giant cells of foreign bodies accumulate.

- Mixed type - combines signs of several types of granulomas.

Given the variety of types of skin granulomas, a dermatologist is able to make an accurate diagnosis after a full examination, including a histological examination of skin samples, then individual treatment is prescribed.

Granuloma of the face

Facial granuloma, known as eosinophilic granuloma, is inherently a rare type of chronic dermatosis. Its manifestations can be single or multiple papules, as well as brown plaques. This disease is quite often observed by dermatologists, but its clinical picture is very diverse and diagnosis can be difficult. Granuloma can resemble other dermatoses - skin lymphoma, several types of lupus, sarcoidosis. Skin histology is the only method that can provide an accurate diagnosis.

The cause of the facial granuloma is not fully understood. Some authors are inclined to consider the granuloma as a late phase of vasculitis of the leucoclastic type, since they have a similar pattern of histology. Facial granuloma is a chronic disease with possible periodic exacerbation or remission. The illness can last from a couple of months to several years. The most common diagnosis of facial granuloma is made to patients after 45 years of age and most of them are men.

Internal organs with this disease, as a rule, do not suffer. Treatment of facial granulomas is aimed at cosmetic elimination of skin defects. The therapy uses such methods as the antileprotic agent Dapsone, cortecosteroid preparations in the form of ointments and injections, as well as PUVA therapy - treatment using a photoactive substance in conjunction with irradiation of the skin with long waves of ultraviolet radiation. Sometimes they use laser therapy, cryotherapy, dermabrasion. Only a doctor can choose a method.

Lip granuloma

Granuloma of the lip (pyogenic granuloma) is a rapidly progressive disease that doctors refer to as a granulation hemangioma. This disease also affects the skin, mucous membrane, but a granular rash is common on the lips. It is not a tumor. The cause of the disease may be the body's reaction to a mechanical injury, hormonal disturbances in the body, a consequence of treatment with retinoids (substances that are analogous to vitamin A and used in creams for problem skin), other influencing factors are possible.

Usually, granuloma is observed in children, adolescents and adults under the age of thirty. Sometimes the development of the disease is observed against the background of a violation of the blood vessels of the skin, which is manifested by the expansion of the capillaries and looks like a wine stain. Angioma of the telangiectatic type, which manifests itself in newborns in the occipital region, forehead, neck, bridge of the nose, has a red-pink color, and passes on its own by two years, can also serve as a background for a granuloma.

Externally, a pyogenic granuloma may look like a dome-shaped papule of red or purple color, the surface of which is shiny and bleeds easily. Sometimes a papule can have a leg. The disease stretches for several months, and the focus increases as much as possible (over 15 mm) in 21 days, then it can decrease. Many specialists in the presence of such a granuloma recommend a surgical method, since more gentle superficial excisions provoke relapses due to incomplete extraction of the tumor.

Article author: Mochalov Pavel Alexandrovich | d. m. n. therapist

Education: Moscow Medical Institute. IM Sechenov, specialty - "General Medicine" in 1991, in 1993 "Occupational Diseases", in 1996 "Therapy".