2 months pregnant
At week 7, a very important event occurs - the newly formed placenta takes over the functions of the corpus luteum, which produces hormones. During the second month of pregnancy, negative influences should be avoided - infectious and viral diseases leading to impaired development and functioning of the placenta, an increased risk of abortion. In most cases, during this period, the woman is convinced that she is pregnant, and she will have to thoroughly reconsider her lifestyle, habits, and daily routine.
Content:
- What happens in the female body?
- Feelings of a woman
- Signs of pregnancy
- How the future child develops
- The psychological state of a woman in the second month of pregnancy
- Colds and fever
- Pregnancy pathologies
- Vaginal discharge
- Intimate relationship
- How to eat right
- Visit to an obstetrician-gynecologist
What happens in the female body?
During the first week of the second month, the corpus luteum intensively produces the main hormone of pregnancy - progesterone. Under its influence, the mucus in the cervical canal becomes thick, forms a mucous plug that protects the embryo from the effects of the external environment. Throughout the second month, the uterus grows intensively, and pregnancy can already be visually identified during a gynecological examination.
A pregnant woman's blood contains progesterone and placental lactogen produced by the placenta.
The effect of hormones on the metabolism of the female body:
- The concentration of fatty acids in the blood increases;
- The glucose content increases;
- Reduced protein synthesis.
These changes help increase the supply of nutrients for fetal tissue formation. A woman's adrenal glands produce androgens - male sex hormones, and the membrane of the ovum - human chorionic hormone (hCG), or chorionic gonadotropin. By the content of hCG in the urine of a woman, the onset of pregnancy is determined using test strips.
Video about changes in the female body at 2 months of pregnancy, symptoms of toxicosis:
Feelings of a woman
More than 50% of pregnant women experience signs of early pregnancy toxicosis: nausea, vomiting, dizziness, increased saliva production. These symptoms occur because progesterone has a relaxing effect on all the muscles in the woman's body, including the smooth muscles of the digestive system. The peristalsis of the stomach and intestines becomes less intense, which negatively affects the digestion of food. It stays in the digestive tract for a long time, which causes unpleasant symptoms.
To avoid the manifestations of early pregnancy toxicosis, you should eat often, but in small portions. Breakfast and dinner should be as close to bedtime as possible, include more fresh vegetables and fruits, any liquid in the diet. Do not sleep on a high pillow or wear tight clothes. It is advisable to avoid forward bends, replacing them with squats.
Since a woman with toxicosis reacts negatively to strong odors, close contact with perfumes, household chemicals, people who smoke should be avoided, and less likely to use public transport. Rinsing the mouth with various fresheners, drinking sour juices, fruit drinks, mint tea will help reduce the intensity of nausea.
Signs of pregnancy
The most significant symptom is the absence of menstruation. Its combination with other symptoms, which can appear in various combinations, is almost a 100% diagnostic indicator of pregnancy.
Early toxicosis may not appear in all women, or be not pronounced. And, on the contrary, occasionally pregnant women so painfully endure nausea with frequent vomiting and dizziness that this condition is a reason for a woman's hospitalization in a gynecological hospital. In addition to nausea and dizziness, signs of toxicosis can be rejection of certain odors (perfumes, fried onions, meat broth, etc.). In addition, a pregnant woman may have strange taste preferences, the desire to eat something sweet or salty.
The appearance of a pregnant woman at 2 months of pregnancy also changes. Although the abdomen is not yet visible, due to hormonal changes in the body, the mammary glands have significantly increased, a clearly visible venous network has appeared on them, the areola of the nipples darkened.
The general condition of the woman changes somewhat - there is a feeling of fatigue, drowsiness. In the morning, she does not feel rested, during the day she may feel dizzy, faint.
All symptoms of pregnancy are not necessarily felt in the complex, some may not appear at all. It all depends on the individual characteristics of the body of a woman expecting a baby.
How the future child develops
The second month is the time when all organs and vital systems of the unborn child were laid. The heart begins to work, still primitively arranged in the form of a tube, the rudiments of the main blood vessels appear. An ultrasound scanner with good resolution is able to capture the heartbeat of a tiny heart.
In the middle of the second month, the liver begins to produce blood cells, the formation of the larynx, pancreas, trachea begins. By the end of this period, the thymus gland is formed - one of the main organs of the endocrine system. Between 6 and 7 weeks of pregnancy, the end of the neural tube that belongs to the brain closes. The rudiments of the eyes, nose, inner ear, upper and lower jaw are formed on the head. Cartilage is replaced by bone tissue.
By the end of the second month, using highly sensitive equipment, you can see that the fetus is moving. Its head is disproportionately large in comparison with the body, it is located obliquely in relation to the chest. The fetal body length is 2.5 cm.
Over the last 2 weeks of the second month, the heart becomes a four-chambered formation. Another endocrine gland appears - the adrenal glands, which are responsible for the production of adrenaline. The tiny stomach produces gastric juice, and the kidneys begin producing urine. The fetus has its own blood group and the Rh factor can be determined.
The psychological state of a woman in the second month of pregnancy
If the pregnancy is not planned, and conception was not part of the family's plans, the woman may experience psychological stress. She doubts her capabilities, she has to reconsider plans for the next work activity, perhaps she fears that relatives will not react to this news as she expects. For many women, the scales will definitely be on the side of the future baby, but a little doubt and inner feelings will still remain. If the mental balance has been shaken, it is advisable to talk with a psychotherapist, or to master the techniques of effective auto-training on your own, aimed at making the situation as good as possible.
The psychological portrait of a woman's condition in the second month of pregnancy would not be complete without a description of the changes caused by hormonal changes in the body. Emotional swings, when in half an hour a pregnant woman can experience a range of feelings from euphoria to hysterical tearfulness, are often found in the first trimester of pregnancy. If necessary, sedatives can be taken on the recommendation of a doctor.
Colds and fever
Viral respiratory diseases in the second month can lead to impaired development of the fetus, fading pregnancy, since the placental barrier does not yet protect the fetus from the action of pathogenic microorganisms. In addition, most drugs are contraindicated for taking in the first trimester, since they can have a teratogenic effect, cause deformities and developmental pathologies of the unborn child.
Therefore, the treatment of colds at this stage of pregnancy is carried out with herbal infusions, rinsing the nose, gargling with saline. For the treatment of cough, it is allowed to take Mukaltin tablets on a plant basis. For the prevention of viral diseases, it is better not to visit crowded places during epidemics, lubricate the nose with oxolinic ointment.
If a cold illness is accompanied by a fever, it is brought down using an infusion of linden blossom and raspberry. With a significant increase in temperature, you should immediately consult a doctor, because hyperthermia is extremely dangerous for the fetus. Most likely, the doctor will recommend the use of Paracetamol in children's dosage as an antipyretic.
Low-grade fever can be a symptom of a sluggish inflammatory process, urinary tract infection. If the basal temperature is slightly increased (up to + 37 + 37.5?), This is the norm for the second month of pregnancy. This is how the effect of progesterone on the body of the expectant mother is manifested, and the increased metabolism stimulated by it.
Pregnancy pathologies
In the second month, the woman's body is extremely susceptible to factors that are fatal for the development of the fetus.
Abnormal development. Approximately 3% of newborns are born with anomalies in the development of various organs, that is, the fetus does not die, but develops until the moment of delivery, having a burdened history. He may have impaired brain formation, and the neural tube at the head end will close abnormally. If the process of closing the lower end is disrupted, the child is born with a spinal hernia. A child may, in the process of intrauterine development, get a heart defect, anomalies in the development of auricles, facial bones ("cleft lip", "cleft palate").
Damaging factors:
- Alcohol;
- Drugs;
- The action of drugs;
- Household chemicals;
- Rubella disease during pregnancy;
- Ingestion of toxoplasma, cytomegalovirus, influenza virus, herpes.
The consequence of the transferred diseases can be deafness, heart disease, cataracts, pathology of the development of the brain, intellectual disability.
Risk of miscarriage. In the first trimester, the risk of spontaneous abortion is very high. Most often, it is interrupted at 5 weeks of gestation.
Causes of miscarriage:
- Impaired immunity and somatic diseases in a pregnant woman;
- Postponed infections;
- Fetal malformations incompatible with life;
- Endocrine diseases;
- Malformations of the structure of the reproductive organs, more often the uterus;
- Urgent surgical intervention;
- Injury suffered by a pregnant woman or severe stress.
The onset of miscarriage is indicated by bloody discharge from the vagina, pain in the lower abdomen of a spasmodic nature, radiating to the lower back. With timely medical care at the beginning of the abortion process, you can try to keep it in a hospital.
Vaginal discharge
Progesterone, which actively affects the course of pregnancy, has an effect on the structure of vaginal discharge. In the second month, they are whitish-milky, thick enough, do not have an unpleasant odor. During this period, a mucous plug formed in the cervical canal, which protects the fetus from the negative effects of the environment.
A yellow-green color of cheesy discharge, accompanied by burning and itching, is a sign of vaginal candidiasis, or thrush. It occurs when colonies of the fungus, not inhibited by reduced immunity, grow in the vagina and form a large amount of specific secretions.
Foamy discharge, mucus and pus in the vaginal discharge indicate the onset of an infectious process, a urogenital infection. Brown scanty discharge can be a symptom of an ectopic pregnancy, when the embryo does not develop in the uterus, but in the fallopian tube. This condition is very dangerous and requires immediate surgical intervention.
Intimate relationship
If the well-being of a pregnant woman allows, she does not suffer from symptoms of early toxicosis, there is no increased tone of the uterus, there is no reason to prohibit sexual relations. If there is any doubt that the pregnancy is proceeding normally, it is better to postpone intimate contact until visiting a doctor.
How to eat right
In the second month, the total amount of food remains at the same level, the expectant mother does not necessarily have to eat "for two." You need to eat more often, but in small quantities. The focus is on the quality of the food. Do not hope that all the shortcomings in the diet will be replaced by the intake of a vitamin-mineral complex, it complements a good diet, but does not replace it.
Components of the diet in the second month of pregnancy:
- Sources of protein and valuable amino acids - properly processed meat, fish, eggs, dairy products enriched with dietary supplements;
- Sources of carbohydrates - porridge from various cereals and cereals, whole grain bread;
- Sources of vitamins and mineral salts - thoroughly washed vegetables, herbs;
- Sources of additional strength, vitamins and minerals - freshly squeezed juices, fruits, nuts, dried fruits;
- At least 2-2.5 liters of liquid, including drinks, soups and regular drinking water.
Neither the mother nor the unborn child will benefit from fast food products, carbonated drinks, sandwiches instead of a full meal. Such food will quickly lead to excess weight gain, which is highly undesirable during pregnancy.
Visit to an obstetrician-gynecologist
At this time, most women are sent to the antenatal clinic for a detailed examination and registration. It is best to postpone the visit to the doctor until the last week of the second month.
When not to postpone a visit to the doctor:
- When blood appears in the vaginal discharge;
- With difficulty urinating;
- With hyperthermia;
- With the appearance of pain in the lower abdomen;
- If you have a history of miscarriage;
- With fainting, even with a single case;
- If you have a history of diabetes mellitus, diseases of the cardiovascular, circulatory, urinary, endocrine systems;
- If necessary, constantly take medications.
In addition to being examined on a gynecological chair, a pregnant woman will have to visit several specialized specialists to identify and timely treat somatic diseases. If chronic diseases are not treated, sooner or later they will disrupt the normal course of pregnancy, and may complicate the bearing of the fetus and childbirth.
Analyzes and examinations when registering:
- Consultation of an ENT doctor, dentist, ophthalmologist, therapist;
- A smear for urogenital infections, for the study of the vaginal microflora;
- General analysis of blood and urine;
- Blood for HIV, Wasserman reaction (for syphilis);
- Determination of blood group and Rh factor;
- Analysis for the determination of group antibodies for the prevention of immunoconflict;
- Determination of blood clotting is an extremely important analysis for those who have a history of pregnancy pathologies;
- A blood test to determine the concentration of hCG to determine the duration of pregnancy;
- Ultrasound to rule out ectopic pregnancy if it is suspected.
If the tests revealed a different Rh factor in the spouses, for the prevention of Rh conflict and subsequent fetal death, the woman is given an injection of immunoglobulin.
In the second month of pregnancy, you should pay special attention to your state of health, do not overload yourself with excessive loads, eat right, and avoid stress.
The author of the article: Lapikova Valentina Vladimirovna | Gynecologist, reproductologist
Education: Diploma in Obstetrics and Gynecology received at the Russian State Medical University of the Federal Agency for Healthcare and Social Development (2010). In 2013 completed postgraduate studies at N. N. N. I. Pirogova.
