Symptoms and treatment of acute enteritis
Acute enteritis refers to inflammatory diseases of the mucous membrane of the small intestine, it accompanies diseases of the stomach and large intestine (gastroenteritis, gastroenterocolitis). Treatment usually does not require much time, however, there are cases of a severe course of the pathological process.
Symptoms of acute enteritis
The disease most often begins with diarrhea, while stool frequency is up to 15 times a day. The feces are abundant, foamy, and contain a large amount of mucus. Symptoms of acute enteritis are accompanied by increased gas production, strong rumbling in the abdomen. Patients are worried about nausea, vomiting, cramping pain in the abdomen. The body temperature of patients is usually within normal limits. On examination, the doctor notes pallor of the skin, dryness of the tongue, white coating on the tongue. Patients' eyes look sunken.
Over time, people suffering from acute enteritis develop symptoms characteristic of general intoxication of the body: loss of strength, fever up to subfebrile values, general malaise, decreased appetite, vascular collapse, tremors, profuse sweating, tachycardia, and a drop in blood pressure can be observed.
In some cases, the pathology begins with general manifestations of intoxication, and after a few hours, patients show specific signs of inflammation of the small intestine. When palpating the abdomen, there is pain in the epigastric region, pronounced rumbling on palpation of the cecum.
Treatment of acute enteritis
If acute enteritis is suspected, the patient should not eat before first aid. It is recommended to drink plenty of drinks: strong tea, still mineral water. Allowed the intake of digestive enzymes.
Treatment of acute enteritis of mild to moderate severity lasts several days. In severe pathology, there is a risk of the disease becoming chronic, as well as the development of complications in the form of intestinal bleeding, perforation and necrosis of the intestinal wall.
Urgent hospitalization is necessary in case of severe disease and toxic enteritis. For any form of pathology, gastric lavage with sodium bicarbonate solution, a warm enema with a decoction of chamomile, and the appointment of saline laxatives are indicated.
Patients are shown enzyme preparations, infectious enteritis requires the appointment of antibacterial agents, followed by the administration of drugs that normalize the intestinal microflora. In case of severe intoxication, cardiovascular agents, glucocorticoids are indicated, intravenous infusion of isotonic sodium chloride solution or 5% glucose solution is necessary, in exceptional cases, blood transfusion is performed. If indicated, treatment is prescribed with an antidote or antidote.
Acute enteritis requires adherence to bed rest and certain dietary requirements. The purpose of nutritional therapy is to remove toxins and waste products of microorganisms. In the first two days, the patient should refrain from eating and drink up to eight cups of strong, slightly sweet tea per day, one cup at a time.
Then the patient is assigned a table number 4, which involves the exclusion of foods rich in fiber, milk and dairy products, eggs, smoked meats, spices, pickles. Over time, the diet is gradually expanded, adhering to the basic rules of cooking: all products are recommended to be steamed and consumed in pureed form.
A strict diet must be followed until the symptoms of acute enteritis disappear.
Article author: Mochalov Pavel Alexandrovich | d. m. n. therapist
Education: Moscow Medical Institute. IM Sechenov, specialty - "General Medicine" in 1991, in 1993 "Occupational Diseases", in 1996 "Therapy".
