Hemorrhagic Gastritis - Symptoms, Diet, Treatment

2024 Author: Josephine Shorter | [email protected]. Last modified: 2024-01-17 02:10

Hemorrhagic gastritis

Content:

• Hemorrhagic gastritis - what is it?
• Symptoms of hemorrhagic gastritis
• Acute hemorrhagic gastritis
• Diet of hemorrhagic gastritis
• Treatment of hemorrhagic gastritis

Hemorrhagic gastritis - what is it?

Hemorrhagic gastritis is a type of inflammatory process in the gastric mucosa. Its peculiarity is that it is not inflammation that initially occurs, but vascular microcirculatory disorders in the submucous layer. They result in hemorrhages and hemorrhagic (bloody) soaking of the mucous membrane, or the formation of blood clots in the smallest vessels of the stomach. The result of the described processes is inflammation of the mucosa with its leukocyte infiltration at the microscopic level and the formation of small surface defects (erosions), which are determined visually.

Therefore, hemorrhagic gastritis is very often called erosive or erosive-hemorrhagic. This is not always correct, since not every hemorrhagic gastritis can become erosive. Both of these options can be independent forms of the disease.

Symptoms of hemorrhagic gastritis

In terms of clinical manifestations, hemorrhagic gastritis cannot be classified as diseases with specific symptoms. Its main features are typical for almost all types of gastritis and gastric ulcer. But there are also specific symptoms, on the basis of which hemorrhagic gastritis can be suspected.

Symptoms for hemorrhagic gastritis are presented in the form of a table.

• Increased pain after eating;
• Gastric dyspepsia syndrome: nausea, belching, heaviness;
• Signs of gastric bleeding: vomiting of stagnant brown or bloody contents, dizziness, black stool;

Inspection data	Pallor of the skin; Plaque on the tongue; Soreness in the stomach on palpation; With intense bleeding, a decrease in blood pressure, rapid pulse;
Diagnostic data	Fibrogastroduodenoscopy (FGDS) is the gold standard and the only reliable diagnostic method. Determines multiple erosions of the mucous membrane against the background of its soaking with blood. Erosion may bleed; Increased or normal stomach acidity; A negative test for Helicobacter pylori infection; Anemia in the blood test;

Acute hemorrhagic gastritis



If hemorrhagic gastritis occurs for the first time or is characterized by a lightning-fast course of its recurrence, it is considered to be acute. It is distinguished by comparatively more striking clinical symptoms of the inflammatory process. Signs of gastric bleeding are rare. The causes of acute hemorrhagic gastritis are the following factors:

• Poor quality food products. These can be either dishes spoiled during long-term storage, or products contaminated with toxic substances;
• Chemicals, industrial poisons, heavy metal salts. They can get into the stomach cavity either when handling them or as a result of deliberate use. In this case, a chemical burn of the mucous membrane occurs, which later turns into hemorrhagic or erosive gastritis;
• Excessive amount of alcohol consumed or its poor quality;
• Systemic connective tissue diseases and severe intoxication of the body against the background of any diseases leading to disruption of microcirculatory processes in the stomach;
• Closed blunt trauma to the abdomen, when there is a contusion of the stomach, or diagnostic studies, accompanied by damage to the mucous membrane.
• The emergence of acute hemorrhagic gastritis under the influence of the listed factors suggests that this process has a very rapid onset and is not associated with a violation of secretory mechanisms. Its origin is associated with the impact on the body of harmful environmental factors. This feature led to its vivid clinical picture and manifestations, which are several times stronger than in the chronic course of the disease.

Diet of hemorrhagic gastritis



Dietary recommendations and nutrition for hemorrhagic gastritis are one of the main methods of its prevention and occupy important positions in its treatment. In some cases of the disease, even their observance does not protect against repeated exacerbations of the process. But control of the rules of dietary nutrition within the framework of table No. 1 in the acute stage of the disease, and No. 5 when the inflammatory process subsides is required. They include:

• Excluded: spicy, fried, smoked foods, spices, fatty and coarse foods, fresh bread and pastries, citrus fruits, legumes, cucumbers and tomatoes;
• The emphasis should be on light liquid or semi-liquid dishes (soup, cream soup, mashed potatoes, jelly) in a warm form. Reception of hot or too cold food is unacceptable;
• Dishes must be boiled or steamed;
• Allowed foods: bran or white stale bread (rusks), buckwheat, rice, oatmeal, dietary meats (chicken, rabbit) and broths, steamed dishes based on them, omelet and soft-boiled eggs, dairy products (yogurt, kefir, low-fat cottage cheese), boiled vegetables, fruit and berry compotes and fruit drinks;
• The number of meals. The organization of meals involves the regular intake of moderate portions 5-6 times at the same time. Overeating is unacceptable.

Details about the diet: what can and can not be eaten with gastritis?

Treatment of hemorrhagic gastritis

The complex of therapeutic measures for hemorrhagic gastritis should include medications acting on all links of the pathogenesis of this disease. These should be:

• Antisecretory drugs. By reducing the secretion of gastric juice and hydrochloric acid, conditions are created to reduce inflammatory changes. Drugs with a similar effect include: omeprazole, kvamatel, nolpaza, ranitidine, dalargin;
• Gastrocytoprotectors - means protecting the mucous membrane from aggressive components of gastric juice and environmental factors: phosphalugel, almagel, maalox, venter;
• Hemostatic drugs. Indicated for signs of gastric bleeding. Use aminocaproic acid, ethamsylate, vicasol;
• Enzyme preparations. They are prescribed to facilitate digestive processes: pancreatin, mezim, creon;
• Fortifying agents: vitamins, aloe, actovegin, plasmol.



The author of the article: Gorshenina Elena Ivanovna | Gastroenterologist

Education: Diploma in the specialty "General Medicine" received at the Russian State Medical University named after N. I. Pirogova (2005). Postgraduate studies in the specialty "Gastroenterology" - educational and scientific medical center.