Treatment Of Atheroma -> Modern Methods

2024 Author: Josephine Shorter | [email protected]. Last modified: 2024-01-07 17:49

Treatment of atheroma

The only effective way to treat atheroma is to remove it by radical methods. This formation cannot spontaneously dissolve under any conditions. Surgical intervention is required with a traditional scalpel or more modern instruments - a laser or radio wave knife.

Without opening the capsule, it is impossible to remove the contents of the atheroma, but even if you pierce the hole with a needle to release the contents outside, this will not solve the problem. The secretion of the sebaceous gland may come out, but the cavity of the connective tissue in the duct will remain, and will accumulate sebum again. Thus, a relapse of atheroma will soon occur.

For radical elimination of the formation, it is not required to open the atheroma, but to completely exfoliate the capsule that clogs the duct. During the operation, the walls of the cyst are separated from the surrounding tissues and removed along with the contents. A defect forms at the site of the cavity, from which soon no trace remains, because the capsule with the cells secreting sebum is completely removed.

Content:

• How is the operation to remove atheroma going?
• Operation technique
• Using a laser knife to remove atheroma
• Removal of a neoplasm using radio waves
• Postoperative period
• Can you use folk recipes to remove atheroma?
• How do patients respond to the removal of atheroma?
• Operation cost

If a small formation undergoes destruction, it is possible to avoid the appearance of a cosmetic defect in the form of a scar. Atheroma of significant size must be removed, however, in this case it is necessary to exfoliate the cyst and apply a suture.

When removing an inflamed atheroma, there is a high risk of incomplete excision of the capsule tissue and the appearance of a recurrence of the cyst. The best tactic in this case is to carry out anti-inflammatory therapy at the first stage until the process is completely stopped, and then to remove the neoplasm in the "cold state".

When treating festering atheroma, the cavity should be opened to remove pus, leaving a hole for drainage. Hulling of the cyst is carried out after the end of the purulent process, when the inflammation subsides. Resection of a festering cyst does not guarantee a complete cure, since in this case it is difficult to guarantee a radical removal of the capsule cells.

How is the operation to remove atheroma going?

Removal of atheroma is done in the following ways:

• Laser knife;
• Using a traditional scalpel;
• By the method of radio wave surgery.

The surgeon selects the type of surgery depending on the size and condition of the atheroma. The destruction of small formations is best done with a laser or radio wave knife. After using these methods, the postoperative scar is practically invisible.

Atheromas of considerable size are preferable to remove in the traditional way with a scalpel. During this operation, local anesthesia is applied. A highly qualified surgeon can remove with modern methods even an atheroma with a purulent process inside it, which has an impressive size. However, in most cases, such formations are preferred to be eliminated with a conventional scalpel.

Operation technique

There are two main methods of surgery. Operations are performed under local anesthesia during an outpatient appointment. Festering formations of impressive size are removed in a hospital. The surgeon removes the capsule, applies a suture and an aseptic dressing. For complete wound healing, it takes from 15-20 days, the stitches are removed for 10-12 days.

Removal of the capsule of a large atheroma occurs in the following order:

• A skin incision is made along the "equator" of atheroma.
• The filling of the cyst is removed to the surface of the body by extrusion or taken out with a spoon.
• The cyst membrane is pulled out.
• Sutures are applied to a wound more than 25 mm long.

Another variant of this operation is as follows:

• The skin over the atheroma is cut, while the capsule remains intact.
• The edges of the wound are moved apart with special forceps.
• Atheroma is squeezed out together with the shell.
• Sutures are applied to an incision longer than 25 mm.

There is another way to destroy atheroma, it is used in the treatment of a festering and inflamed cyst.

The sequence of actions of the surgeon:

• Performing two skin incisions along the border of the cyst.
• Removal of the skin flap along the incision line.
• Separation of the cyst from the rest of the tissue with surgical scissors.
• Pulling the formation outward along with the connective tissue capsule.
• Suturing of the subcutaneous tissue from a self-absorbable ligature, and on the surface of the skin with a conventional suture material.
• Tightening the skin with a vertical seam.

After some time, you can take measures to eliminate the postoperative scar, plan plastic surgery.

Using a laser knife to remove atheroma

The destruction of education with a laser is carried out under local anesthesia. Usually small cysts are removed with a laser knife, but if the surgeon is highly qualified, he is able to get rid of large atheromas in this way, or from festering cysts.

Techniques for laser removal of atheroma:

• Photocoagulation - vaporization of a cyst with a laser knife is used to treat formations with a diameter of no more than 0.5 cm. Stitches are not required, because a small crust forms at the site of the pathology, under which the healing process takes place. When the crust falls off, there will be skin with a barely noticeable scar under it.
• Laser excision of atheroma with a shell - is used on cysts with a diameter of 5-20 mm, regardless of whether it is inflamed or not. A preliminary incision of the skin with a scalpel is performed, the cyst is isolated from under the surrounding tissues and evaporated with a laser. After removal of the cyst, drainage is installed in the wound, and it is sutured. The wound heals within 1-2 weeks, the sutures are removed after 8-12 days, the drainage is removed earlier.
• Laser evaporation of the cyst capsule - used to remove large atheromas with a diameter of more than 20 mm. At the first stage of the operation, the contents of the atheroma are removed, the wound is stretched, dried with gauze tampons and the capsule shell is evaporated with a laser knife. After installing the drainage, the wound is sutured for 8-12 days. Then the drainage is removed, the sutures are removed, and minimal traces of such manipulations remain on the skin.

Removal of a neoplasm using radio waves

Small, non-inflamed cysts respond well to surgical treatment with a radio wave knife. Its radiation can be directed solely to the area of pathology and kill atypical cells there. In the area of atheroma, cyst tissue evaporates, and after the crust is separated, no trace remains on the skin.

Postoperative period

Depending on what size the formation had, whether it was festering, it can be predicted whether a scar will remain at the site of the atheroma or not.

Wound dressing is carried out twice a day:

• In the morning, they perform sanitation with hydrogen peroxide, the wound is closed with a plaster;
• In the evening, after treatment with peroxide, Levomekol ointment is applied.

After the healing process of the wound has begun and its edges are glued, you can stop using the plaster by using medical glue BF-6. The use of plaster and medical glue at the site of surgical sutures is not performed until they are removed. The above technique is the standard for postoperative wound management. In situations with various deviations from the norm, the surgeon establishes an individual processing procedure.

In 3% of cases, a recurrence of atheroma is diagnosed due to incomplete exfoliation of the cyst membrane. Most often this happens when a suppurative formation is removed.

Can you use folk recipes to remove atheroma?

Traditional medicine recipes are completely useless in the treatment of this neoplasm, because a full-fledged surgical intervention is required to reliably eliminate the cyst, and this is impossible at home. Until the atheroma has reached an impressive size, you should seek medical help and remove the cyst without making a large incision.

How do patients respond to the removal of atheroma?

Approximately 90% of all reviews about the operation to remove the cyst contain positive points. The intervention itself does not leave negative impressions - it is almost painless, not associated with long-term experiences. Most patients associate an unpleasant experience with the postoperative period, when within 1-2 weeks the mobility of the affected part of the body is significantly limited, they have to go to bandages.

In addition, after the traditional intervention, a scar remains, for the removal of which one has to use laser skin resurfacing. In general, the ability to completely get rid of atheroma with modern methods gives hope that a relapse will not have to be tolerated.

Operation cost

The destruction of atheroma in the usual way with a scalpel will cost the patient about 1,500 rubles. More complex procedures using a laser or radio wave knife will cost from 5 thousand rubles and more.

The author of the article: Volkov Dmitry Sergeevich | c. m. n. surgeon, phlebologist

Education: Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry (1996). In 2003 he received a diploma from the Educational and Scientific Medical Center of the Presidential Administration of the Russian Federation.