Endometrial Hyperplasia - Types, Causes And Symptoms Of Glandular Endometrial Hyperplasia

2024 Author: Josephine Shorter | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 21:43

Endometrial glandular hyperplasia

Causes and symptoms of endometrial glandular hyperplasia

What is endometrial glandular hyperplasia?

Endometrial hyperplasia is a pathology in which the tissue of the uterine mucosa grows. The disease is associated with hormonal imbalances, when there is an excessive production of estrogen and a lack of progesterone. There are several types of endometrial hyperplasia. They differ in the thickness of the endometrium.

Glandular hyperplasia of the endometrium occurs when glandular tissue grows. This occurs when the lumen between the glands of the uterine lining expands. In this case, the glandular tissue has a homogeneous structure, and the thickness of the endometrium for this type of disease does not exceed one and a half centimeters.

Causes and types of glandular hyperplasia of the endometrium

The main causes of glandular hyperplasia of the endometrium are factors such as menopause, the presence of follicular cysts, overweight, anovulation. Tumors of granulosa cells, hyperglycemia and follicle persistence syndrome are also dangerous.

Untimely diagnosis and lack of treatment for this disease create the risk of developing endometrial cancer. The risk group is mainly postmenopausal women and women suffering from atypical ademonatous hyperplasia. It is its diffuse and focal forms that are precancerous.

Other forms of endometrial hyperplasia are glandular-cystic hyperplasia, cystic-enlarged glands, and intense proliferation of the glandular epithelium.

Symptoms of glandular hyperplasia of the endometrium

Often, glandular hyperplasia of the endometrium occurs without pronounced clinical symptoms. But the common manifestations are considered to be dysfunctional uterine bleeding, which occurs after menstrual irregularities (delayed menstruation). Such bleeding is both prolonged and profuse, and blood loss can be moderate and profuse. As a result, anemic symptoms develop: weakness, fatigue, loss of appetite.

Vaginal spotting may occur between periods. Often, in connection with anovulation, infertility occurs in women. By the way, it is infertility that becomes the reason for going to the doctor, who diagnoses this pathology. Symptoms also include pain in the lower abdomen.

To diagnose glandular hyperplasia of the endometrium, you can use diagnostic curettage, carried out immediately before menstruation. Hysteroscopy and ultrasound are also actively used in diagnostics.

Treatment of glandular hyperplasia of the endometrium

Treatment of glandular hyperplasia of the endometrium is selected individually - depending on the type of disease, the cause of its development and the patient's age. Young girls are shown hormone therapy, which consists in the cyclic administration of estrogens with a progestin. The course of treatment is usually six months, after which the endometrium is scraped again.

If such treatment is ineffective and ovulation does not occur, estrogens and progestins are recommended to be taken orally. If it is necessary to urgently induce ovulation, this is done with clomiphene citrate.

For women in the postmenopausal period, therapy with cyclic administration of depot-proven and medroxyprogesterone acetate is most often recommended. Treatment usually lasts three to six months, after which the biopsy is repeated.

Article author: Mochalov Pavel Alexandrovich | d. m. n. therapist

Education: Moscow Medical Institute. IM Sechenov, specialty - "General Medicine" in 1991, in 1993 "Occupational Diseases", in 1996 "Therapy".