Lyme Borreliosis

2024 Author: Josephine Shorter | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 21:43

Lyme borreliosis

Lyme borreliosis is a group of transmissible natural focal diseases of an infectious nature that provoke borrelia. This disease is transmitted by ticks. As a rule, the disease usually proceeds clinically with highly visible lesions of the skin and nervous system. Problems are often observed

musculoskeletal system and cardiovascular system. Such a dangerous disease can be characterized by a tendency to a chronic or latent course.

Lyme borreliosis is considered a fairly common disease, especially in the Northern Hemisphere. Such a pathology is characterized by various polymorphic signs that provoke bacteria of the known genus Borrelia. It should be noted that modern antibiotics are not able to stop all the symptoms of this dangerous disease.

Timely started treatment will not allow the central nervous system, eyes, heart and joints, as well as many other organs that are extremely important for human life, to be involved in Lyme borreliosis. When the necessary treatment is absent or the course of the prescribed therapy is ineffective, the pathology acquires a complicated chronic course, after which it is almost impossible to get rid of the disease.

In most cases, this form of the disease makes a person disabled, some patients die. Lyme borreliosis occurs after the bite of an infected tick and is characterized by erythema, arthritis. To establish an accurate diagnosis, a certain diagnosis is carried out and blood is taken for analysis, due to which the presence of antibodies in a person is detected.

Such a dangerous disease can be acute, subacute and chronic. According to the form, this pathology is divided into manifest and latent. Depending on the presence of available clinical signs, erythema-free or erythemal forms are isolated. Lyme borreliosis in different people proceeds in different ways: in mild, moderate or severe. Signs of infection are seronegative and seropositive. In a dangerous chronic type of pathology, a recurrent or continuous course is noted.

Often, the victim has problems with the central nervous system, the presence of damage to the skin and poor functioning of the cardiovascular system. The typical latent form is confirmed by modern laboratory research.

In acute forms, Lyme borreliosis can last about three months, subacute conditions are characterized by six months, and for a chronic type of ailment, the disease is expressed, as a rule, for much longer than six months. At the site of the tick bite, an obvious erythema always occurs. Numerous signs of serious intoxication are observed in cases where an erythema-free form of pathology is established.

Why is Lyme borreliosis disease dangerous?

In most cases, the disease is diagnosed in early summer or late autumn. the main sign of infection should be considered a strong redness of the skin at the site of the tick bite. In the future, such a spot always increases, reaching large sizes. For example, almost immediately after the bite, the spot is about 1 cm, literally in a few hours it can reach from 10 to 50 cm. At the same time, the redness of the outer edge of the entire inflamed surface is noted, and the center of the spot is rather pale or has a bluish tint.

Erythema is characterized by a slight elevation above the surface of the skin. Gradually, the immediate spot will surely be covered with a crust, after a while the crust will become a noticeable scar. If left untreated, the stain usually disappears on its own after about three weeks. Then, after one to a month and a half, other symptoms will begin to appear.

Patients usually complain of a flu-like condition during this period, noting severe malaise, weakness, intense headaches, discomfort in the throat, muscle pain, insomnia and fever. Some victims are diagnosed with paralysis, hearing loss, as well as severe joint swelling and impaired skin sensitivity. Depression and dementia are equally important signs of Lyme borreliosis. Painful sensations appear in the tendons and muscles.

Due to the fact that Borrelia bacteria attack the brain and spinal cord from the very beginning of the development of pathology, serious complications from the heart, central nervous system and joints are not excluded. This is also the case for 15% of patients receiving the necessary treatment. Today, mortality from Lyme borreliosis is extremely low.

Common complications include axonal radiculopathy and polyneuropathy, respiratory weakness and arrhythmia, ataxia and spastic paraparesis. During pregnancy, this most dangerous disease can cause miscarriage.

Article author: Mochalov Pavel Alexandrovich | d. m. n. therapist

Education: Moscow Medical Institute. IM Sechenov, specialty - "General Medicine" in 1991, in 1993 "Occupational Diseases", in 1996 "Therapy".