The order (diagram) of the eruption of milk teeth in children
Content:
- When does teething occur?
- The timing of the appearance of the first milk teeth in an infant
- The order of teething in a child (diagram)
- How does the baby's body react to the appearance of teeth?
- How to help a child with teething?
- Medicines for teething children
- Main conclusions
While still in the maternity hospital, the mother receives all the necessary primary information about how to properly care for the baby in the first few months of life: bathing, feeding, walking with him, etc. At this time, it seems to parents that it is too early to think about teething.
But in caring for a child, time moves rapidly, and now the time comes when the baby's milk teeth begin to erupt. This time is marked by the first serious changes in the baby's body and is associated with quite serious discomfort, both for himself and for his parents.
When does teething occur?
Teething of milk teeth in children is the most important milestone in the development of a child under one year old. Teething of milk teeth shows that a nursing baby has matured! Teeth usually erupt when a child is six months old. However, these boundaries are much wider. Milk teeth can erupt both early, in the third or fourth month of life, and late, in the eighth or tenth month. It must be remembered that the earlier the teeth erupt, the more careful care they need. It also happens that a child has several teeth from birth.
The appearance of baby teeth in a child may be accompanied by fever, drowsiness, runny nose, and indigestion. In such cases, it is best to consult a doctor. However, not everyone has these symptoms. Perhaps they will bypass your baby.
The timing of the appearance of the first milk teeth in an infant
The time when the child's first milk teeth begin to erupt is quite difficult. During this period, the child becomes moody, constantly cries and shows anxiety. This is a difficult time both for the child himself and for his parents. There is an acute question of how you can help a baby in such a difficult period. Of course, there is simply no guaranteed remedy for getting rid of discomfort during teething. But still, it is quite possible to alleviate the child's condition, to minimize the negative manifestations of this process.
There is an important point that parents should consider. There is no single scheme and timing of teething in an infant. All written schemes are just a guideline. The body of any child is strictly individual, which means that every child's teeth will erupt in due time. Moreover, even if we are talking about twins (twins, triplets), it is not necessary that this process will begin at the same time.
Of course, there are some pediatric calculations, according to which the eruption process begins closer to 6 months of age. By the onset of a year, a child, according to the same statistics, should have about 6-8 teeth. However, this is not always the case. Even in a year there may be no teeth, and this is a variant of the norm. Naturally, what has been said is true only if there are no reasons that prevent the onset of the process (disease, developmental anomalies, etc.).
Based on this, we can say that it is simply impossible to accurately determine the timing of the onset of teething, since they are unpredictable.
To accurately establish the approximate start time of the process, you will have to take into account many external and internal factors, such as:
- Hereditary factor (genetic characteristics).
- Environmental conditions (climate).
- The child's diet, quality and chemical composition of the water used.
- The presence of pathologies of the endocrine system.
- The quality of childcare and others.
If there is a delay in teething, we can talk about a physiological norm. But there is also a risk of the presence of pathologies associated with developmental disorders and congenital anomalies:
- Adentia is a congenital pathology in which the rudiments of the teeth are absent. In this case, the teeth simply have nowhere to appear. You can determine the pathology using a radiovisiograph or X-ray.
- Rickets is a predominantly childhood disease, the mechanism of which lies in the insufficient ability of the body to absorb vitamin D. As a result, the intake of calcium salts necessary for the growth and development of tissues (in particular bone tissue) is disrupted. For this reason, teeth may begin to erupt much later.
The tooth buds are laid in the first weeks of intrauterine development (approximately at 6-7 weeks). At this time, the mother may not even know about her pregnancy.
The order of teething in a child
The order of teething is already determined by nature. Usually, the lower front teeth are erupted first, and then the upper ones. The entire teething scheme is shown in the diagram below. The fangs, indicated by the number 7 in the diagram, are the most difficult to grow, so protect your child from colds at this time. Milk teeth will be fully formed by the age of three.
Much clearer is the issue of the order in which teeth erupt. The teeth of the lower row - the central incisors - are erupted first. They can grow at the same time, or they can take turns. Following them, according to the principle of pairing of the teeth of the same name, the upper incisors erupt.
Then lateral incisors begin to appear, first two lower, then two upper teeth. As a rule, children who have reached the age of one year already have all the incisors, 4 below, 4 above.
Then the canines begin to erupt, but they give way to future molars, therefore, in their place, so-called. "Dental gaps". Following the canines, the rest of the teeth erupt.
According to medical practice, teeth erupt and fall out according to the following pattern:
- Central incisors. The lower ones are cut at 6-10 months, the upper ones - 7-12 months. Fall out at 6-8 years old.
- Lateral incisors. The lower ones are cut at 7-16 months, the upper ones - 9-12 months. Drop out by the age of 7-8.
- Fangs. The lower canines erupt at the age of 16-23 months. The upper ones are at 16-22 months. Fall out at 9-12 years old.
- First molars. The lower ones erupt at 12-18 months. The upper ones are at 13-19. Drop out at 9-11 years old.
- Second molars. The lower ones erupt at 20-31 months. The upper ones - at 25-33 months, fall out at 10-12 years.
Teething scheme
A detailed diagram of teething is shown in the table:
| Teeth in order of appearance | Average appearance time (months) | |
|
1 Lower central incisors | 6-10 |
| 2 Upper central incisors | 7-12 | |
| 3 Upper lateral incisors | 9-12 | |
| 4 Lower lateral incisors | 7-16 | |
| 5 First molars (upper) | 13-19 | |
| 6 First molars (lower) | 12-18 | |
| 7 Fangs | 16-23 | |
| 8 Second molars (lower) | 20-31 | |
| 8 Second molars (upper) | 25–33 |
By the time the child reaches three years of age, the child already has 20 teeth (incisors, canines, molars). However, everything is individual here too. All 20 teeth can erupt much earlier (at 2-2.5 years).
Sometimes in medical practice there are curious cases. So, a child was brought to an appointment with a pediatrician, whose 19 teeth erupted at the age of one and a half. The last of the teeth erupted only a year later.
How many milk teeth should a child have?
All parents who are not indifferent to their own children think about how many milk teeth a child should have. This question begins to bother them at the age of six months. The eruption of each tooth is often accompanied by sleepless nights, baby cries, fever, swelling of the gums and other unpleasant symptoms.
There should be twenty milk teeth in the baby's mouth by the age of two. They erupt gradually, with a certain sequence, although this process takes place for each child individually and the timing of the appearance of teeth may vary.
The narrow teeth in the front, which dentists call incisors, appear first. Then comes the turn of the molars - these are wide teeth located deeper in the oral cavity. Narrow teeth are used for biting off parts of food, and wide ones for grinding and chewing.
First, the lower and upper central incisors will appear in the mouth, then the lateral incisors will erupt next to them. The next in line are the upper and then the lower molars. The penultimate milk teeth are the canines, and the second upper and lower molars complete the process of appearance.
Thus, in a child's mouth by about two years or older, 20 milk teeth will appear, which in the future will be replaced by a permanent dentition.
As for the increase or decrease in the number of teeth, this is extremely rare, since the rudiments of teeth appear even during intrauterine development. Polyodontia disease is a kind of mutation in the child's body, during which additional pairs of teeth form and begin to erupt in a person, or remain inside the jaw in the form of rudiments. Science knows a person with such a mutation, who erupted 232 teeth throughout his life. Polyodontia is a rare disease, so parents should not worry about this. In recent years, only a few cases of its occurrence have been registered.
How does the baby's body react to the appearance of the first teeth?
Teething process significantly loads all systems of the child's body. Therefore, despite all its naturalness and physiology, it is associated with quite serious discomfort and a number of unpleasant complications.
During the period of teething, the child's immunity is exposed to great stress and weakens. Therefore, you should not expose an already weakened body to the effects of infectious agents. This includes postponing all vaccinations and other medical procedures.
The external manifestations that are observed during teething are also individual and depend on the state of health of the child at a given time.
There are a number of symptoms that are most common. They can be considered as a kind of starting point and marker for the beginning of the process:
- Increased saliva production.
- Decreased appetite. Complete refusal to eat is possible.
- Increasing the child's physical activity, the desire to grab everything, pull in the mouth and bite. The reason lies in the itching that covers the gums.
- Swelling and swelling of the gums.
- Increased irritability, sleep disturbances.
Increased saliva production
The increased production of saliva also contributes to the development of some associated symptoms. They can be informative markers of the beginning of the teething process.
- The development of a runny nose (due to the fact that saliva enters the middle ear).
- Hoarseness, cough, especially when lying down. The reason lies in the fact that saliva enters the throat.
- Stool disorders (slight relaxation).
- Due to the abundant secretion of saliva, irritations occur in the area of the skin of the chest, mouth, chin.
Increased irritability, mood swings
Increased irritability is the main and most common sign of teething onset among children.
The reasons for the discomfort are as follows:
- Itching sensation in the area of eruption. Itching can radiate to the ears, cheeks, nose. The intolerable itching sensation makes the child nervous.
- Painful sensations caused by teething through the soft, nerve-rich gum tissue.
Vomiting and diarrhea
Vomiting and diarrhea are infrequent companions of the teething process. It may be that the child has swallowed saliva. But if vomiting or diarrhea is repeated, the body temperature rises - most likely this or that infectious agent was the culprit. There are a great many of them: astroviruses, noroviruses, rotaviruses, adenoviruses, caliciviruses. The lesions caused by them have a single name for intestinal or stomach flu. In this case, you cannot do without medical assistance. Therefore, do not hesitate to contact a pediatrician.
Fever and malaise
Body temperature rises very often during teething. The numbers usually do not exceed 38.5 ° C. The reason lies in the development of the inflammatory process of the child's oral mucosa. The symptom is not very dangerous. The temperature drops by 2-3 days and returns to normal at 36.6.
More: what should parents do at this moment? How to lower the temperature?
It is not so easy to independently distinguish the development of an infectious disease from teething. Often, in the early stages of an infectious lesion, at the moment when bacteria or viruses multiply most intensively, the general unfavorable condition of the child can be taken as the beginning of the appearance of teeth. Therefore, if two or more of the above manifestations are found, you should immediately consult a pediatrician.
How to help a child with teething?
Easing teething symptoms and general condition of a child is not an easy task. Fortunately, there are some guidelines that can make the process less frustrating.
The first thing that can be done is to provide the child with specially designed "rodents".
- Teether devices. Satisfy the baby's need for chewing. Inside they have filler (liquid or gel). Designed for refrigerated use. Cold helps soothe itching and burning. The main disadvantage of such teethers is the need to constantly cool them.
- Pacifiers, bottles. Also designed to meet children's chewing needs. When selecting nipples and devices, it is important to consider their shape. Frequent use of irregular objects will lead to the development of a malocclusion in the future. Therefore, preference should be given to special orthodontic nipples. The best materials are silicone or latex.
- Gum massage. The baby's gums can be massaged with gauze swabs dipped in water. In this way, you can not only relieve discomfort in the oral cavity, but also carry out its hygiene. The main condition is smoothness and accuracy of movements.
- Using a special brush - a fingertip. You can also give preference to modern means. The brush also allows you to take care of your baby's oral cavity while soothing teething areas.
Medicines for children with teething
The modern pharmaceutical market offers a huge number of tools to combat the unpleasant satellites of the teething process. This is no coincidence. Indeed, many of the non-drug methods of alleviating the condition of the child are not sufficiently effective. Of course, the uncontrolled use of medicines is unacceptable. Most of them contain lidocaine. Before use, you must consult a pediatrician.
- Dantinorm Baby. It is very important to be ready for teething in your baby, to be fully armed. The drug Dantinorm Baby can help a child survive the teething stage more calmly. It is very convenient to use because one container is designed for one application. And due to the duration of action of each dose of the drug up to 8 hours, just three doses a day will help to ensure continuous protection of the baby from all the main symptoms of teething 24 hours a day. We recommend it to everyone who cares about the health and peace of mind of their baby.
- Solcoseryl. Available in gel form. Effective in the presence of open sores on the gums. The approximate cost is 200 rubles.
- Dentinox. A complex preparation containing chamomile extract and lidocaine. Acts as an anesthetic while relieving inflammation. Available in the form of a gel or drops. Its frequent use is not allowed (maximum 3 times a day). May cause an allergic reaction. The approximate price is 200 rubles.
- Calgel is a lidocaine-based remedy. It has a weak anesthetic effect. It has a sweetish taste and can be the culprit for an allergic reaction. You can use it from 5 months. The gel can be used up to 6 times a day. The time intervals between doses of the gel should be at least 20-30 minutes. The price is about 300 rubles.
- Baby doctor first teeth. Unlike previous products, it is completely of vegetable origin. It has analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects. Despite its origin, it is hypoallergenic. The cost is about 170 rubles.
- Holisal. It has an anti-inflammatory effect due to the content of salicylate in choline. The cost is about 300 rubles. You can use the drug up to 2-3 times a day.
Often, unknowingly, doctors prescribe Kamistad to children. However, Kamistad baby (a safe version of the drug for children) has not been produced for a long time, and ordinary Kamistad is contraindicated in children under 12 years of age.
The use of any drug is associated with the possibility of developing side effects. Therefore, it is necessary to consult a specialist. In addition, parents must decide whether or not to use this or that drug, based on the child's health, general condition and other internal and external factors.
Main conclusions
It is forbidden to give your child sweet and sweetened foods both before and after teething. This can lead to the development of tooth decay.
- It is possible to reduce inflammation and discomfort by rubbing the mucous membrane of the child's oral cavity with solutions of medicinal plants (chamomile, etc.). Fortunately, they are safe.
- After the appearance of the first teeth, one should not forget about oral hygiene. Especially for young children, there are pastes with a marking of 0. They are harmless and are not capable of having a negative effect on the child's body.
During the teething period, the baby more than ever needs maternal care and attention. Therefore, one should not be afraid to spoil him. You need to put the baby to the breast more often, play with him and generally spend as much time as possible. Then this difficult time will be much easier to survive.
The author of the article: Sokolova Praskovya Fedorovna | Pediatrician
Education: Diploma in the specialty "General Medicine" received at the Volgograd State Medical University. A specialist certificate was immediately received in 2014.
