Mild Myopia 1

2024 Author: Josephine Shorter | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 21:43

Mild myopia 1

Myopia of the 1st degree is an anomaly of refraction, expressed in the deterioration of vision of objects located in the immediate distance. This condition occurs due to the fact that the focusing of light rays occurs not on the retina, but in front of it. If a person is diagnosed with 1 degree of myopia, then this indicates that his refractive error does not exceed 3 diopters.

The statistics provided by the WHO indicate that myopia is a fairly common disease. Up to 30% of people from the entire population of the world experience similar vision problems. It is from myopia of a mild degree that the overwhelming number of patients suffer. Their share in the total mass of people with myopia is 80%. At the same time, it was found that every fifth schoolchild experiences symptoms of first degree myopia.

Symptoms of myopia 1 degree

Among the symptoms indicating that a person develops mild myopia, the main one can be distinguished - this is a deterioration in the vision of objects located at a distance. In this case, the contours of objects are visible, and a person can distinguish them, however, they will be somewhat blurry and indistinct.

Other symptoms include the following:

• The appearance of pain that can be localized in the temples, eye sockets, forehead.
• Rapid fatigue of the organs of vision.
• Increased dryness of the mucous membrane of the eyes.
• Squinting eyes when trying to peer into the distance.
• Redness of the mucous membrane of the eyes, due to the expansion of the capillaries.

Often, these symptoms can be found in children who start attending school. This is due to increased eye strain. Therefore, it is important to be extremely attentive to your own child, since he may not present any complaints to his parents, perceiving such a state as a variant of the norm. Often, myopia of the first degree is asymptomatic, and it can be detected only during a planned visit to an ophthalmologist. If the distance from the focus to the retina does not exceed 1 diopter, then ophthalmologists speak of a spasm of accommodation.

Accommodation spasm is a temporary visual impairment resulting from prolonged stress on the ciliary muscle of the eye. It is dangerous in that if you do not pay attention to such a condition in time, then it can lead to the appearance of stable myopia.

Causes of myopia 1 degree

Among the main reasons for the development of mild myopia are the following:

• Poor heredity, that is, the possibility of the disease passing from parents to children. This is especially true in the case when both the mother and the father suffer from myopia.
• Increased eye strain. The most dangerous from the point of view of the development of myopia is the situation when a person loads them with work with objects at close range. We are talking about reading books, writing, working at a computer, watching TV, etc.
• Congenital features of the organ of vision. These include an increase in the length of the eyeball and its deformation.

• Inconsistency of convergence and accommodation, as a result of poor visual hygiene. For example, reading in a prone position, in a moving vehicle, visual work in insufficient light, etc. All this leads to the development of pseudomyopia, which subsequently often develops into true.
• Postponed infectious diseases: measles, influenza, scarlet fever, tonsillitis, etc.
• Traumatic brain injury.

Types of myopia

As for the varieties of myopia of the first degree, then it can be progressive and not progressive. The latter type does not require special therapy and is successfully corrected by wearing glasses, since it does not cause fundus anomalies.

Progressive myopia of the first degree is dangerous because, with the development of the disease, it can lead to many complications and even complete blindness.

Diagnostics

In order to establish a diagnosis of mild myopia, the doctor will need to conduct a series of ophthalmic tests. This is color testing, refraction test, and perimetry. A visual examination of the structure of the eye will also be required.

In some cases, the ophthalmologist may refer the patient for an ultrasound scan of the eye, for example, if there is a suspicion of progressive myopia that has caused retinal detachment, if it is impossible to conduct a standard ophthalmological examination, and if otherwise indicated.

To determine myopia, a refraction study using skiascopy or computer refractometry may be required.

Treatment of myopia 1 degree

• Glasses. In order to avoid the progression of the disease, when myopia of the 1st degree is detected, vision correction with glasses with negative lenses is necessary. They contribute to the fact that refraction is normalized and a person becomes able to consider both near and distant objects equally well. In this case, glasses do not need to be worn all the time. They will need to be filmed when a person with a weak degree of myopia works with objects at close range - reading or writing. As a substitute for glasses, contact lenses can be used. However, they have limitations, for example, age restrictions.

• Exercises. As additional methods of treatment, doctors recommend performing a certain set of exercises aimed at strengthening the eye muscles. They should definitely be performed by preschoolers and schoolchildren, since their visual apparatus is just being formed.
• Hardware treatment. Apparatus treatment can be prescribed, for example "Sidorenko glasses", which stimulate the organ of vision with the help of sound and color pulses, perform phonophoresis and pneumomassage. Due to such a complex effect, it is possible to achieve the normalization of blood supply and strengthen the ciliary muscle, to increase the effectiveness of the drugs taken.
• Vitamins. Supplement the main treatment with vitamin therapy, massage of the collar zone, proper nutrition. Every day, a person with first degree myopia should receive B vitamins, as well as trace elements such as manganese, chromium, copper, selenium and others.

The author of the article: Degtyareva Marina Vitalievna, ophthalmologist, ophthalmologist