2024 Author: Josephine Shorter | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 21:43
Hematoma
Causes and symptoms of traumatic and intracranial hematomas
What is a hematoma?
A hematoma is a place on the skin that is most often round or elongated, formed as a result of injury or, most likely, a blow, can form as a result of vascular damage. This formation contains inside itself liquid or clotted blood. In textbooks on medicine, you can find the division of hematomas into several varieties: subserous, subdural, intramuscular.
Signs of a hematoma
As soon as a blow has occurred, a hematoma begins to form on the body, it has the following characteristic signs: pain, which can increase depending on the severity of the lesion and the location of the lesion, swelling or swelling, if the blow was in the muscle area, then a partial loss of functionality, the skin color changes depending on the strength of the lesion: it becomes reddish-blue, yellowish-green, an increase in temperature in the affected area is also characteristic.
Traumatic and intracranial hematomas
Intracranial hematomas are especially dangerous. They are inherently difficult to treat. When hitting the skull, liquid or caked blood can form, which is located between the brain and the skull bone. Due to the location of this blood clot, the hematoma is called intracranial. The reason for the appearance of this hematoma can also be heart failure, and its consequence is a stroke, as well as a blockage of blood vessels. This hematoma is revealed with the help of computer diagnostics - tomography. This type of hematoma can have a chronic course.
Such hematomas occur most often in older people. In this case, the nature of the occurrence of hematomas will be long-term. In this case, the symptoms of a hematoma may not appear immediately, but after a certain amount of time.
Intracranial hematomas are dangerous in that they create pressure on the brain and in the future edema may form, which will damage the brain tissue, and then destroy it.
As soon as there was a blow to the skull, a person may lose consciousness, even a coma, paralysis of some parts of the body, paralysis of one of the sides or the whole body are possible. Space orientation may be lost. A person's blood pressure may rise, it will become quite difficult to breathe, and the most unfavorable outcome is death.
Treatment
As for the treatment, it has a different character depending on the affected area and the type of hematoma. Since hematomas have a certain color, their treatment or course can be considered by how their color changes. First we have a bluish-black tint, then a greenish-yellow. The hematoma takes a long time - from one to several weeks. At the same time, the treatment is rather easy.
If the hematoma has a small lesion, the treatment will be limited to the application of ice, a very tight bandage at the site of the lesion can be especially effective. You can also take medications, but this should already be done according to the doctor's prescription, at first you can take painkillers. After the hematoma has formed, you should go through certain physiotherapy exercises, maybe therapeutic exercises. This will have a quick healing effect on the hematoma.
With severe skin lesions, a liquid is formed, which should be removed, this is done with a syringe, after which a tight bandage is applied. If there is leaking blood, then you need to open the hematoma and clean the lesion site.
It is possible to rub a special ointment into the affected area. If blood or pus appears, then you urgently need to go to the surgeon who will open and clean the hematoma.
Article author: Mochalov Pavel Alexandrovich | d. m. n. therapist
Education: Moscow Medical Institute. IM Sechenov, specialty - "General Medicine" in 1991, in 1993 "Occupational Diseases", in 1996 "Therapy".
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