Anemia Of The 1st Degree - What Is It? First Signs And Treatment

2024 Author: Josephine Shorter | [email protected]. Last modified: 2024-01-07 17:49

Anemia of the 1st degree - what is it and how to treat it?

The patient can only hear the diagnosis "anemia" from a doctor. It often raises a number of questions. The first of them - what does this concept mean? Anemia is a disorder in the hemostatic system, which is characterized by a decrease in hemoglobin levels. Hemoglobin is a protein substance that contains iron atoms. Hemoglobin is part of erythrocytes - red blood cells.

Normally, the hemoglobin level in a healthy person is 110-155 g / l. If, according to the results of the examination, the hemoglobin values decrease to 110 g / l, they speak of grade 1 anemia. The maximum permissible norm of hemoglobin for men is considered to be 110-120 g / l. However, this is not enough for the full functioning of the body.

Content:

• Anemia 1 degree - how to determine?
• Grade 1 anemia and hemoglobin levels
• Should grade 1 anemia be treated?
• Symptoms of grade 1 anemia
• Classification
• Treatment

Anemia 1 degree - how to determine?

One can suspect grade 1 anemia by some symptoms, but this is not always possible. Often, pathology at such early stages of development does not give itself away. Therefore, a person learns about his diagnosis only in the doctor's office, having come for the results of a blood test.

The asymptomatic course of the disease should not be misleading. Outwardly, a person can look absolutely healthy. The absence of any signs indicates only that the body has launched compensatory mechanisms designed to cover the disturbances in the functioning of organs and systems, but sooner or later its reserves will be exhausted. The fact that anemia is dangerous must always be remembered.

Grade 1 anemia and hemoglobin levels

Anemia can be of several degrees. The first degree of anemia is considered the mildest. It is characterized by a decrease in hemoglobin to a level of 90-110 g / l. Moreover, the symptoms of the disease may be absent during this period. A person continues to lead a normal life, not suspecting that his body is suffering from a lack of hemoglobin.

Although some signs of grade 1 anemia still manifest itself. However, they become noticeable under conditions of increased physical activity.

Should grade 1 anemia be treated?

Anemia of the 1st degree must be treated without fail. Otherwise, the disorder will progress and lead to serious health problems. Do not assume that anemia can go away on its own. Without therapy, it will go first to the second and then to the third stage. It should be understood that third degree anemia is a life-threatening condition.

Anemia of 1 degree can be present in a person for a long time. Red blood cell counts often decline slowly but steadily. Sometimes it happens that a patient comes to the doctor with a severe degree of anemia and its multiple complications, and it all started with the usual malaise and fatigue.

Symptoms of grade 1 anemia

The symptoms of grade 1 anemia are primarily caused by the fact that organs and tissues begin to suffer from a lack of oxygen. The signs of hypoxia increase gradually, they depend on the stage at which the disease is.

In general, grade 1 anemia is characterized by the following symptoms:

• During physical effort and during exercise, a person develops shortness of breath, which was not there before.
• The patient notices that he began to get tired faster.
• Perhaps a light-headed state.
• Dizziness often begins to disturb.
• Tinnitus periodically appears in the ears.
• The headache occurs for no apparent reason.

The heartbeat becomes frequent, thus the cardiovascular system tries to compensate for the hypoxia of organs and tissues. If a person is already suffering from any diseases of the heart and blood vessels, then their course will worsen. The limbs may have cramps at night. The negative consequences of anemia are angina pectoris and intermittent claudication.

One of the obvious signs of grade 1 anemia is pallor of the skin. By listening to the heart, your doctor can diagnose systolic murmurs. In addition, tachycardia is observed in most patients. With bleeding, anemia can develop at an accelerated rate, leading to a rapid increase in symptoms.

You also need to pay attention to additional signs that may indirectly indicate the development of anemia:

• After a sharp rise from the bed, the person's eyes darken. He may even faint.
• Blood pressure during the transition from a horizontal position to a vertical position can drop sharply. This symptom is called orthostatic hypotension.
• Another indirect sign of anemia is orthostatic tachycardia.

If you carefully listen to the signals that the body gives, then you can diagnose anemia on your own, without visiting the doctor's office. Of course, this is not a reason for prescribing treatment. Therapy is selected only by the doctor and only on the basis of the tests performed. However, the sooner a person seeks medical help, the faster recovery will come.

Classification

If the patient develops normocytic normochromic anemia, the ESR and the average concentration of hemoglobin in the erythrocyte (MHCS) may remain within the normal range.

Normocytic normochromic anemia can develop for the following reasons:

• Chronic renal failure and diseases of the endocrine glands.
• Acute or chronic blood loss.
• Hemolytic anemia can lead to the development of normocytic normochromic anemia, which is accompanied by accelerated death of erythrocytes.
• Megaloblastic anemias associated with vitamin B12 and folic acid deficiency.
• Aplastic anemias.
• Anemia associated with cancerous tumors and the spread of tumor metastases to the bone marrow.

Hypochromic microcytic anemia is characterized by a decrease in the number of hemoglobin in erythrocytes, as well as a decrease in the level of ESR.

Types of hypochromia:

• Iron-deficiency anemia.
• Sideroachrestic anemia (iron-saturated anemia).
• Iron redistribution anemia.

Normochromic macrocytic anemia is characterized by normal MSCS levels and increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate. Such anemia develops against the background of a deficiency of folate and vitamin B12.

Treatment

Treatment of first degree anemia is carried out at home, that is, the patient is not hospitalized. The doctor should prescribe therapy. If you ignore his recommendations, then the anemia will progress and lead to serious health problems.

Treatment for first-degree anemia begins with nutritional adjustments. The menu should include foods that are sources of heme and non-heme iron. Heme iron is absorbed by the body much better. It is found in animal products. Therefore, the menu must be present: animal liver, beef tongue, beef, rabbit, fish. You can replenish your body's iron stores with plant foods. Legumes, dried mushrooms, rolled oats, buckwheat, apples, beets, cherries and cherries are suitable for this purpose.

It should be understood that dietary nutrition alone is not enough to treat anemia. You will need to take medications. The most commonly prescribed medications for replenishing iron stores include: Sorbifer Durules, Ferrogradumet, Iron Lactate, Tardiferon, Maltofer, Fenuls, Ferrum Lek, etc. Naturally, after receiving appointments, every person thinks that if he has anemia of 1 degree, then this is how long it will take to take medicines. The average duration of treatment is 1.5 months. During this period, it is possible to normalize the level of hemoglobin. To replenish iron stores in the body, you will need to take medications for another 4-8 weeks. A doctor will help determine the exact timing.

Drugs at 1 first degree are prescribed for oral administration. Injections are used extremely rarely, for example, for exacerbations of diseases of the stomach and intestines.

Useful articles on the restoration of hemoglobin in the blood:

• List of iron supplements in the treatment of anemia
• Diet and nutrition for anemia
• Home treatment for anemia (effective and proven recipes)
• TOP 5 products to increase hemoglobin in the blood
• Which doctor should I contact for anemia?

Home treatments for anemia are:

• Reception of juices. The use of freshly squeezed juices allows you to get rid of anemia in the shortest possible time. However, you need to drink fresh juices, and not bought in stores. Otherwise, the effect will not be achieved. You can cook carrot, beetroot and apple juice. Mix them well, or dilute them with vegetable juices. You can add honey to the drink.

  There is a rule regarding the intake of beet juice. So, it cannot be consumed immediately after preparation. The drink needs to be defended. The holding time is 2 hours, but not less. During this time, harmful substances will evaporate from it. Therefore, immediately after preparation, the juice does not need to be covered with a lid. Or, do not twist it too tightly.

  Beet juice can be drunk half an hour before meals, or in between meals. Large volumes should not be consumed. It is enough to drink 2 tablespoons of juice 2-3 times a day. This is true for all drinks.

• Infusion of yarrow. To prepare an infusion of yarrow, you need to pour boiling water over the herb of the plant and keep it in a thermos. You need to take the infusion 2 tablespoons 3 times a day.
• Vitamin cocktail. It is very useful for grade 1 anemia to eat a vitamin mixture. For its preparation, you will need 100 g of dried fruits (raisins, dates, figs, prunes). The fruits are passed through a meat grinder, add lemon juice and 3 tablespoons of honey to the resulting "minced meat". The mixture is stored in the refrigerator. They eat it 2 teaspoons 2-3 times a day. Such a useful vitamin mixture will not only allow you to get rid of anemia, but also saturate the body with vitamins.

The author of the article: Shutov Maxim Evgenievich | Hematologist

Education: In 2013 he graduated from the Kursk State Medical University and received a diploma "General Medicine". After 2 years, completed residency in the specialty "Oncology". In 2016 completed postgraduate studies at the National Medical and Surgical Center named after N. I. Pirogov.