Melanoma of a mole, pigmented, on the face
Definition of melanoma
Melanoma is a very dangerous disease that is much easier to prevent than cure. Melanoma of the skin is a malignant tumor that occurs at any age. Such a common type of disease, as a rule, arises from special melanocytes of normal skin, as well as from pigmented nevi. Melanoma develops rapidly and affects certain cells of the epidermis, spreading over the surface of the skin. It can also grab various organs and bones.
Of the total number of typical malignant neoplasms, skin melanoma occurs 10 times less often. Between the ages of 30 and 40, the risk of the disease increases significantly. The disease often affects women and children. Congenital age spots are considered the main cause of the disease. The so-called nevi located in open areas of the skin, when injured, can turn into other states of neoplasms. They are divided into epidermal-dermal, intradermal, borderline and mixed types.
It has been proven that the most dangerous are precisely small borderline nevi. They can develop from common age spots that appear during life. They are often found in fairly adult people. Increased consumption of radiation, various skin injuries, serious changes in the body and hormonal surges, as well as genetic predisposition and xeroderma pigmentosa are the main risk factors.
Melanoma moles
The malignancy of a mole is indicated by its noticeable compaction, a change in shape and a significant increase in size, a stable gradual growth of the neoplasm and its swelling. When the pigmentation of the mole increases, when it cracks or forms a sore, melanoma can also be predicted. Often there is a burning sensation and itching on the skin at the site of the nevus. Many patients complain of discomfort. The specialist can notice the appearance of formation satellites and an increase in lymph nodes, and also identifies infiltrated tissues.
In case of a change in the size of a mole, it is necessary to immediately contact modern qualified doctors in order to start treatment on time when the diagnosis is confirmed. Basically, a mole is an accumulation of pigment. Such education is considered benign. When a mole changes, special histological studies are required, which are designed to determine cancer. It should be mentioned that in recent decades, skin melanoma diseases have increased by about 30%.
Moles are vascular and non-vascular. They usually do not have a pronounced localization. Even in the first days after the birth of a child, moles can be found on his body. As a rule, their number increases during life. With the presence of serious irritating factors, moles tend to degenerate into malignant neoplasms. Huge doses of ultraviolet radiation are very dangerous for them, as they cause irreversible changes.
Prolonged sunbathing directly affects skin immunity. Hormonal changes during pregnancy can also trigger mole melanoma. You need to know that in the early stages of the disease, it is successfully cured. The main method of treatment for altered forms of moles is surgery.
Non-pigmented melanoma
Primary non-pigmented forms of melanoma can be acrolentihoid and mucous. Their prevalence is no more than 10%. Special nodules of this type of melanomas are often irregular in shape. They are both colorless and can be painted black. Their growth is usually quite slow. The main difference between this type of melanoma is that it is located in special areas that are initially devoid of pigment.
Usually, non-pigmented melanoma is localized on the soles of the feet and palms of the hands. It is typical in most cases for persons of the Mongoloid and Negroid races. Typical mucous melanomas always form on healthy mucous membranes of the eyeball, external genitalia and rectum. The prognosis of the disease directly depends on the development and extent of this tumor.
Melanoma on the face
Diagnosis of melanoma on the face in the earliest stages initially involves a complete examination of all formations on the skin. A special magnifying glass is used for a preventive examination of the face using the standard physical method. Through palpation examination, you can also examine the areas of regional lymph nodes. With the rapid growth of nevi on the face, with their asymmetric increase or atypical changes in shape, we can talk about melanoma.
The main symptoms can also be noted the appearance of redness around the mole on the face, increased pigmentation, a burning sensation and tingling sensation, as well as the formation of cracks and papillomatous outgrowths. Early diagnosis is essential for effective treatment of facial melanoma. The choice of an adequate method of treatment in most cases affects the prognosis of the disease.
If the size of the neoplasm exceeds more than 1 cm, then surgical removal of the neoplasms is indicated. The form of a malignant skin change can be lumpy, flat, nodular, or hemispherical. In extremely rare cases, melanoma on the face is an atypical tumor on a small pedicle with a rather smooth papillomatous appearance. In some places, the surface of the skin may be ulcerated. Often, clinical signs of such melanoma are found in benign formations.
Article author: Mochalov Pavel Alexandrovich | d. m. n. therapist
Education: Moscow Medical Institute. IM Sechenov, specialty - "General Medicine" in 1991, in 1993 "Occupational Diseases", in 1996 "Therapy".
