2024 Author: Josephine Shorter | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 21:43
Sedatives for adults
The modern rhythm of life involves finding a person in constant stress. Often, you can get rid of it only with the help of sedatives. Ideally, the doctor should prescribe them, however, not every person goes for a medical consultation, and even shares the existing problem with anyone.
You can find a lot of information on the various sedatives on the Internet. In addition, there is always the opportunity to consult a pharmacist about this. But in order not to waste your money, you need to familiarize yourself with the main sedatives for adults offered by the modern pharmacological industry before going to the pharmacy.
Content:
- When to use sedatives
- What anti-anxiety drugs are available over the counter?
- The best sedatives
- Herbal sedatives
- Combination herbal sedatives
- Alcohol-based sedatives in liquid form
- Bromine preparations
- Sedatives from other groups
When to use sedatives
Sedatives and anti-anxiety drugs are one and the same.
With their help, you can achieve the following effects:
- Reduce the excitability of the nervous system.
- A person becomes less irritable, the level of aggression decreases, tearfulness decreases, the desire to scandal and swear disappears.
- The work of the autonomic nervous system is normalized, such manifestations as: sweating, tremors of the extremities, intestinal spasms, palpitations decrease.
- After taking sedatives, a person falls asleep more easily and faster. At the same time, sedatives are not hypnotics, they only contribute to the normalization of a person's natural sleep, by reducing the susceptibility to exogenous and endogenous stimuli.
The simultaneous administration of sedatives, tranquilizers, analgesics and neuroleptics contributes to the mutual enhancement of the effects. Therefore, with the right combination of these drugs, you can achieve a wide variety of actions. Including, to reduce the dose and the severity of side effects.
Sedatives in medicine are used to treat neuroses and neurasthenia. They are widely used to treat problems with falling asleep. It is possible to correct hypertension at the initial stages of its development by taking sedatives. Sometimes they are prescribed for menopause, for irritable bowel syndrome, for diseases of the heart and blood vessels.
What anti-anxiety drugs are available over the counter?
It is very good if, before taking any sedative, a person visits a doctor and consults with him on this topic. Only a doctor can determine what exactly a particular patient has - a common nervous breakdown or a serious mental disorder. In addition, hormonal disorders in the body, as well as severe pathologies of internal organs, are often hidden under the guise of neuroses.
Nevertheless, in spite of the available recommendation for medical advice, most people independently prescribe themselves sedatives. Their list is growing every year.
As a rule, sedatives do not have a large number of side effects, they do not provoke the development of withdrawal syndrome or rebound syndrome, do not cause addiction to the patient, even with prolonged use. This is why most sedatives are available over the counter at the pharmacy.
The best sedatives
It is impossible to name the best sedative, as the remedy that works for one person may not work for another. The influence is exerted by the individual level of anxiety, the reasons for the development of a pathological condition, the presence of sleep disorders, etc.
Herbal sedatives
Modern herbal sedatives are medicines that have absorbed many years of experience in traditional medicine. Indeed, since ancient times, people have learned to use herbs to normalize the state of the nervous system. Naturally, all this experience has been systematized, studied and generalized by modern scientists, and also supplemented by the methods of chemical analysis of a huge base of plant raw materials. Therefore, the choice of herbal sedatives is extensive, ranging from 1-ingredient formulations to herbal and herbal preparations.
Valerian-based preparations are very popular. They are made from the rhizome and roots of a plant, from its leaves and stems.
The modern market offers:
- Valevigran (capsules);
- Alcohol tincture;
- Tablets;
- Valerian extract;
- Briquette from the rhizome of the plant;
- Filter bags for brewing tea.
All of these drugs help to normalize night rest, reduce nervous excitability, and weaken intestinal spasms. At the same time, alcohol tincture is more effective than tablets. So, 40 drops will be enough to normalize the nervous system of an adult man weighing about 80 kg. Provided that he is not an alcoholic and he does not have neurasthenia. If the recommended dosage is exceeded, bradycardia may develop.
- Passionflower (incarnate passionflower). Preparations based on this plant are used to normalize sleep, to treat neurasthenia, characterized by increased anxiety and irritability, obsessive fears. The sedative effect is due to the flavonoids and alkaloids that are part of passionflower. In addition, drugs based on passionflower help to reduce limb tremor, and also have a mild spasmolytic effect. Alora with passionflower is used to improve the well-being of women during menopause. It allows you to reduce headaches, normalize the heartbeat.
- Motherwort. On the basis of this plant, alcohol tincture, drops (lily of the valley-motherwort) and tablets are made. You can also buy motherwort herb in its pure form at the pharmacy and use it for brewing.
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St. John's wort. Preparations based on this plant act as an antidepressant and as a sedative, among them: Deprim, Negrustin, Neuroplant, etc.
- Pion. On the basis of peony, a tincture is made, which is good for the treatment of neurasthenia and vegetative-vascular dystonia.
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| Biologically active supplement Alvogen Relax (24 caps). Valerian, passionflower, hawthorn (about 280 rubles). |
Extract Motherwort 10 tablets Price - 20 rubles. |
Lily-of-the-valley-motherwort drops. Price 10-20 rubles. |
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| Negrustin with St. John's wort extract. | Neuroplant with St. John's wort extract. 20 tablets. Price RUB 200 |
Deprim with St. John's wort extract 30 tab. price - 180 rubles. Deprim forte 20 capsules, price - 240 rubles. |
Peony tincture. Price 10-20 rubles. |
Peony extract - 30 tab. Price 60-70 rubles. |
St. John's wort herb, 20 bags. Price - 50 rubles. |
Motherwort herb, 20 bags. Price 30-50 rubles. |
Combination herbal sedatives
Combined herbal preparations allow you to achieve the maximum effect.
Phytosed
Composition: The preparation contains such plant components as: hops, motherwort, oats, hawthorn, lemon balm, coriander, sweet clover with alcohol. Indications: Phytosed helps to reduce the level of anxiety, normalize sleep, relieve psychological stress. The drug can be purchased in capsules and in tincture form. Contraindications: Do not prescribe the drug during lactation, during pregnancy, in patients with bleeding disorders. You should refuse to take Fitosed to drivers. Method of administration: 3-4 times a day, 5 ml and once before a night's rest. The full course of treatment can last from 10 to 30 days. Before ingestion, the tincture should be shaken. |
Phytosedan 2 and 3
The pack contains 20 filter bags, or 50 gr. collection. Composition:
Indications: phytosedan 2 and 3 are used for sleep problems, in the treatment of high blood pressure (complex therapy), with increased nervous excitability. Indications for the appointment are: migraine, neurosis, menopause, vegetative dystonia. Contraindications: fees are not used in the presence of hypersensitivity to the components that make up it. Side effects: Side effects include allergic reactions. Method of administration: pour a glass of boiling water over 2 tbsp. collection spoons and keep for 15 minutes in a water bath. Then cool the mixture, strain and bring to the original volume. Take before meals in half or 1/5 cup, 4 times a day. |
Persen and Persen Forte
You can buy Persen in tablets (40 pcs.) For about 300 rubles, Persen night in capsules (20 pcs.) For 350 rubles and Persen forte in capsules (10 pcs. - 200 rubles, 20 pcs. - 280 rubles, 40 pcs. - 450 rubles). These preparations have a similar composition, however, in Persen Forte the content of valerian is 125 mg, and in the preparation Persen - 50 mg. Composition: In addition to valerian extract, the preparation contains lemon balm and mint. Indications: Persent is prescribed for excessive nervous excitability, sleep problems and increased irritability. Contraindications: Persen should not be used with low blood pressure, lactase deficiency and inflammation of the bile ducts. Do not use the drug during breastfeeding and during pregnancy. Children under the age of 3 years are not prescribed the drug in tablets, and for children under 12 years old - in capsules. Side effects: As for side effects, it is possible that allergic reactions may occur, and if the drug is used for a long time, constipation may develop. The maximum duration of admission is 1.5-2 months. Method of administration: 1-2 capsules or 2-3 tablets 2-3 times a day. For sleep disorders, the drug is taken once, before a night's rest. |
Novopassit
The drug is available in tablets of 10 pcs. - 170 rubles and 30 pcs. - 380 rubles. You can also purchase Novopassit in a solution of 100 or 200 ml at a price of 170 and 270 rubles, respectively. Ingredients: the preparation contains valerian rhizome, St. John's wort, passionflower, lemon balm, hawthorn (flowers and leaves), hops (seed fruits), elderberry, guaifenesin. The herbal components have a pronounced sedative effect, and guaifenesin helps to reduce anxiety and fears. Indications: Novopassit is prescribed for the treatment of neurasthenia, headaches and problems with sleep. Other indications include: dermatoses associated with mental stress, migraine, overwork, stress, menopause, manager's syndrome. Contraindications: The drug is not used to treat children under 12 years of age, with diseases of the liver, digestive system, epilepsy and head injuries. You can not use Novopassit in the presence of individual intolerance to the components that make up it. Side effects: When taking the drug, the following side effects may occur: nausea and vomiting, increased weakness and fatigue, allergies, drowsiness, dizziness, stool disturbance, lethargy. Method of application: the drug is taken before meals 3 times a day, 1 tablet or 5 ml. If a feeling of nausea occurs, Novopassit should be taken with food. |
Dormiplant
The drug contains 50 tablets per pack. Price - 300 rubles. Ingredients: Dormiplant contains lemon balm, valerian rhizome extract and ethanol. The drug is prescribed for insomnia and increased nervousness. Contraindications: Do not use the drug in children under 6 years of age, with renal failure, as well as in the presence of hypersensitivity to the components of the drug. You should refuse to take Dormiplant to drivers and people whose work requires increased concentration of attention. It is not prescribed for the treatment of pregnant and lactating women. Side effects: Allergic reactions may develop after administration. Method of administration: 2 tablets 2 times a day with increased nervous excitability. For insomnia - 2 tablets 30 minutes before bedtime. |
Alcohol-based sedatives in liquid form
Valocordin
The price of the drug is 70 rubles. The second name of Valokordin is Milokordin. Its effects: sedative, hypnotic, sedative. Composition: the preparation contains phenobarbital, peppermint and hop oil, bromisovaleric acid ester, ethyl alcohol and water. Indications for use are: insomnia, increased nervous irritability, fears, anxiety and irritability. Contraindications: you should not prescribe the drug while carrying a child and during breastfeeding, as well as patients with impaired liver and kidney function. Side effects: side effects are: dizziness, drowsiness. It is dangerous to take the drug for a long time without the supervision of a doctor, as conditions such as apathy, depression, conjunctivitis, rhinitis, hemorrhagic diathesis, and disorientation in space may occur. Method of admission: As for the method and frequency of admission, it is determined by the doctor. |
Corvalol
Composition: the composition of the drug includes phenobarbital, peppermint oil and ethyl bromisovalerianate. Indications: since the composition of Corvalol is close to Valocordin, their therapeutic effect is similar. However, Corvalol is weaker than Valocordin. With its help, you can achieve a mild hypnotic effect, reduce the heart rate, relieve vascular spasms. Corvalol is prescribed in complex therapy for the treatment of vegetative-vascular dystonia and arterial hypertension. You can take it to relieve intestinal cramps. Contraindications: Do not prescribe the drug to children under 3 years old, and the tablet form is prohibited until 18 years old. Corvalol is not used to treat pregnant and lactating women, for patients with renal and hepatic insufficiency. Corvalol in drops is not prescribed for patients with traumatic brain injury and brain pathologies. Side effects: after taking Corvalol inside, it is possible to increase drowsiness, deterioration in concentration. Dizziness and slow heartbeat are possible. If the drug is taken for a long time, addiction may develop. |
Zelenin drops
One bottle contains 25 ml of liquid. The cost is 30 rubles. Ingredients: the drop contains valerian, belladonna, lily of the valley and levomenthol. Indications: Zelenin drops are prescribed in the complex therapy of heart failure (chronic form of the disease), with renal colic against the background of vegetative-vascular dystonia, with diseases of the gallbladder (bile duct dyskinesia, cholecystitis). It is possible to use the drug with increased excitability, in the absence of appetite, with intestinal spasm. Contraindications: contraindications include: myocarditis, prostatic hyperplasia, stomach and intestinal ulcers, child bearing, age under 18, angle-closure glaucoma, cardiosclerosis, breastfeeding. Caution should be exercised when treating patients with chronic alcoholism with Zelenin drops, as well as people with brain diseases and after suffering craniocerebral trauma. Side effects: After taking the drug, the following side effects may develop: allergies, diarrhea, vomiting, heartburn, headaches, heart rhythm disturbances, muscle weakness, dry mouth. When Zelenin drops are prescribed to patients with prostatic hyperplasia, urinary retention is possible. |
- Valocormid. This drug is prescribed for the treatment of cardiac neuroses occurring with bradycardia. It contains tincture of belladonna, valerian, lily of the valley and menthol, as well as sodium bromide.
- Valosedan. The drug is prescribed for stress and neurosis. It contains a small amount of sodium barbital, which enhances the sedative effect of such components as: valerian extract, rhubarb tincture, hawthorn and hops. Also in Valosedan contains ethyl alcohol.
- Valoserdin. The drug contains in its composition ethyl ester of bromezovaleric acid, a little mint and oregano, as well as phenobarbital. In addition to the sedative effect, Valoserdin relieves spasms from the intestines well, helps to reduce the heart rate. It is prescribed for difficulties with falling asleep, with intestinal colic, with high blood pressure and pain in the heart against the background of cardioneurosis.
- Nervoflux. It is a mixture of herbs such as: licorice root, lavender and orange flowers, mint leaves, valerian rhizome extract, hop cones. Nervoflux is brewed and used at bedtime for difficulty falling asleep, as well as against the background of chronic stress.
- Sedariston. The drug is used for neuroses against the background of vegetative-vascular dystonia. It contains lemon balm, St. John's wort and valerian.
Bromine preparations
Perhaps there is not a single person who has not heard the story of army doctors who added bromine to their food indiscriminately. This is allegedly done to calm the defenders of the Fatherland and to reduce their excessive sexuality.
Bromides, or bromine-based sedatives, can actually reduce brain overstimulation. These are very budget medicines that come in the form of tinctures and drops.
However, their uncontrolled intake in doses much higher than recommended can lead to serious poisoning of the body. This is expressed in rhinitis, skin rashes, dry cough and watery eyes.
Adonis bromine
The package contains 20 tablets. The cost is 20 rubles. Composition: the composition of the drug contains a glycoside of the herb of spring adonis and potassium bromide. Indications: the drug is prescribed for the treatment of neuroses against the background of vegetative-vascular dystonia, since it has a sedative and cardiotonic effect. Contraindications: Do not use the drug to treat patients with bradycardia, angina pectoris, peptic ulcer disease. Do not prescribe Adonis bromine to pregnant and lactating women, as well as children under the age of 18. Side effects: After taking the drug, the following side effects may develop: allergies, skin rashes, vomiting and nausea, conjunctivitis, runny nose, cough, memory impairment and apathy. Method of administration: 1 tablet 3 times a day. |
Bromcamphor
The package contains 30 tablets. The cost of the drug is 100 rubles. The drug has a sedative effect, enhances the processes of inhibition in the brain, and normalizes the work of the heart. Indications: Bromcamphor is prescribed in case of difficulty falling asleep, with instability of blood pressure. The drug is used in the complex treatment of tachycardia, cardialgia, asthenia. Contraindications: Bromcamphor is not prescribed for children under 7 years of age, as well as for patients with impaired renal and liver function. Contraindication is hypersensitivity to drug components. Side effects: after taking the drug, it is possible to increase lethargy, increase drowsiness, and develop allergies. Also side reactions are dyspeptic disorders and drowsiness. Mode of application:
The full course of treatment is 10 days to 2 weeks. |
Sedatives from other groups
For a long time, to reduce intracranial pressure and in hypertensive crisis, doctors have used Magnesia (Magnesium sulfate 25%). Depending on the dose administered, the drug acts as a sedative or hypnotic. In addition, Magnesia is an antispasmodic, helps to relax the muscles of the uterus and intestines. An overdose of the drug is dangerous, which can provoke serious poisoning. Stop it with calcium chloride.
Selank
Nasal drops 0.15%: bottle of 3 ml - from 450 rubles. Selank is a triple-acting sedative: protecting against stress, restoring nerve cells and improving brain function. Relieves Stress, Insomnia, Fear and Depression
There are no side effects. Method of administration: drip drops into the nose, the effect occurs in 5 minutes. |
Tenoten
The package contains 40 tablets. The price of the drug is 160 rubles. This drug helps to reduce irritability, relieves nervous tension, and improves mood. It contains antibodies to the CNS protein. After taking Tenoten, the patient does not experience drowsiness or lethargy. Indications: tenoten is prescribed for stress, with increased anxiety, against the background of deterioration of cognitive processes, with psychosomatic diseases, neuroses and conditions similar to them. Contraindications: the drug is not prescribed for the treatment of children under 18 years of age, as well as for individual sensitivity to the components of the drug. There are no side effects from taking Tenoten. Method of administration: dissolve until completely dissolved 1 or 2 tablets 2 to 4 times a day. The course can last for 3 months. |
Afobazol
The package contains 60 tablets. The cost of the drug is 300 rubles. Indications: tranquilizer helps to reduce anxiety and irritability, relieves fears, normalizes sleep. After taking Afobazol, symptoms such as: tremor of the limbs, palpitations, intestinal colic, sweating, dry mouth are eliminated. This is a fairly strong drug that is available without a prescription. Contraindications: Afobazol is not prescribed for the treatment of children under 18 years of age, during breastfeeding, while carrying a child, as well as in the presence of hypersensitivity to the components of the drug. Side effects: after taking Afobazol, allergic reactions may develop. Directions for use: 10 mg, 3 times a day. Take the drug in courses of 2-4 weeks (its duration may be increased up to 3 months). |
Phenibut
The drug is available in the form of tablets of 10 and 20 pieces per pack. The cost is 100 and 200 rubles, respectively. This is a nootropic drug. It is only released by prescription. Phenibut helps to accelerate the transmission of nerve impulses and to nourish neurocytes. In addition, the drug acts as a sedative, as it reduces excitability, relieves stress, and eliminates insomnia. Sometimes it is used before surgery to enhance anesthesia. Phenibut helps to reduce headaches, eliminate dizziness. Indications: Phenibut is prescribed for the treatment of neuroses accompanied by increased anxiety, insomnia, stuttering in childhood, and disorders in the autonomic system. In their practice, this drug is used by psychotherapists. It is good for motion sickness and Meniere's disease. Contraindications: Phenibut is not prescribed for pregnant and lactating women, children under 2 years of age, patients with stomach and intestinal ulcers, with hepatic insufficiency, as well as with hypersensitivity to the components of the drug. Side effects: after taking Phenibut, the following side effects may develop: headaches, dizziness, allergies, nausea, increased anxiety. With prolonged treatment, it is necessary to monitor blood counts and liver function. Method of admission: courses (14-21 days).
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Author of the article: Sokov Andrey Vladimirovich | Neurologist
Education: In 2005 completed an internship at the IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University and received a diploma in Neurology. In 2009, completed postgraduate studies in the specialty "Nervous diseases".
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