Bacterial cystitis
Content:
- Bacterial cystitis symptoms
- Causes of bacterial cystitis
- Bacterial cystitis treatment
- Diet and prevention
Bacterial cystitis is a disease of the bladder, accompanied by inflammation of its mucous membrane. The disease is caused by the ingress of pathological bacteria into the organ and their active growth. This leads to the development of inflammation and the onset of a characteristic complex of symptoms.
The bacterial form of the disease is the most common type of cystitis. The disease most often affects women of childbearing age, although men and children are not immune from the development of pathology.
Bacterial cystitis symptoms
Among the common symptoms of the disease are:
- Incessant urge to urinate. They can occur very often, sometimes up to 6 times per hour.
- In order to empty the bladder, a person needs some effort. Only a few drops can leave the channel.
- During the act of urination, the person experiences burning sensation and pain. She continues to torture him in between going to the toilet, but her character changes. If during urination the pain is sharp, then the rest of the time it is pulling and aching. It hurts mainly the lower abdomen, suprapubic region, sometimes with irradiation to the sacrum and perineum.
- With bacterial infection, an increase in body temperature can be observed, vomiting occurs. This happens especially often with kidney damage.
- Pus and blood can be found in the urine, which indicates an acute form of the disease. In this case, seeking medical attention should be immediate.
Causes of bacterial cystitis
This form of the disease develops due to the fact that pathological bacteria enter the bladder cavity. While in a healthy person, the organ is sterile. Among the mycobacteria that contribute to the development of the disease, there are:
- Escherichia coli. It is always present in the human intestine without causing disease. This is due to the fact that its growth is restrained by bifidobacteria and lactobacilli. But when it enters the bladder, the cavity of which is sterile, E. coli begins to multiply actively. Against this background, inflammation occurs and the disease develops. A number of factors contribute to this: a drop in the body's immune forces, hypothermia, regular neglect of the rules of personal hygiene.
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Saprophytic staphylococcus aureus, although it causes the disease much less often, is a more dangerous bacterium than E. coli. This is due to the fact that this type of staphylococcus has a high resistance to antibiotics. The bacterium can cause frequent relapses and cause serious complications. Getting on the intact mucous membrane, the bacteria does not lead to its inflammation. The disease starts only if the surface of the bladder or urethra is damaged. This often occurs as a result of friction during intercourse. A dangerous "relative" of saprophytic staphylococcus is Staphylococcus aureus. Hospital cystitis is especially dangerous, which develops when a person is in a hospital and his body is doubly weakened.
- Proteus. They also live in the intestines and can only cause illness when they enter the cavity of the bladder, where they have no one to resist. Proteas are often the cause of pyelonephritis. In addition, their biochemical activity contributes to the formation of stones.
- Klebsiella. They live in the intestines, on the skin and in human feces. Disease is caused only in the presence of disposing factors. Cystitis against the background of Klebsiella infection develops infrequently - in about 3.5% of cases.
- Enterococci. Normally, they are always present in the intestines. Disease enterococci can cause only coming out of there. They rarely cause the development of cystitis, no more than 4% of cases.
Bacterial cystitis treatment
For the treatment of the disease, it is necessary to conduct a preliminary study of the bacterial culture of urine. He will show what kind of microorganism the patient is infected with, to which drug he is sensitive. Sometimes, to eliminate bacteria, you may need to take several drugs from different antibacterial groups.
For the treatment of the disease are used:
- Amoxicillin;
- Monural;
- Ampicillin;
- Levomecitin;
- Nolitsin;
- Nevigramon;
- Furagin;
- Furadonin;
- Sulfamide Detoxin;
- Urosulfan;
- Nitroxoline, etc.
Most doctors prescribe the drug Monural to patients, since it is he who has a broad bactericidal effect. After taking it, the patient experiences significant relief after a few hours. Therefore, it is often prescribed during the acute stage of the disease.
Such drugs as Nimesil, Diclofenac, Papaverin, No-shpa will help relieve pain and spasms. Sitting baths with warm water can help alleviate the condition. It takes 15 minutes for the pain to subside. The medication course depends on the severity of the process, and most often lasts about 3 weeks.
On the subject: Review of drugs and drugs for cystitis in women and men
Diet and prevention
Diet is important for full and speedy recovery. It comes down to eating plant and dairy foods. It is important to eliminate everything salty, spicy and fried from the menu. Such dishes irritate the inflamed organ surface and complicate the healing process.
Alcohol falls under the absolute prohibition. An increased drinking regime is required. For this, clean water, still mineral water, berry fruit drinks are suitable. Intimate life during treatment is possible, but it is necessary to use a condom. Read more about the diet for cystitis - what can you eat and what not?
In the chronic form of the disease, it is advisable to carry out preventive treatment. The courses are held several times a year. The scheme is selected individually and may not contain antibacterial drugs.
With timely and adequate treatment, the prognosis for recovery is favorable. In order to prevent the transition of cystitis to a chronic form, it is necessary to seek qualified help when the first signs of the disease appear. It is self-medication with antibiotics that often leads to the development of bacterial resistance. This can further lead to the formation of serious complications.
Author of the article: Lebedev Andrey Sergeevich | Urologist
Education: Diploma in the specialty "Andrology" received after completing residency at the Department of Endoscopic Urology of the Russian Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education in the urological center of the Central Clinical Hospital No. 1 of JSC Russian Railways (2007). Postgraduate studies were completed here by 2010.
