Lung Granuloma

2024 Author: Josephine Shorter | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 21:43

Sarcoidosis of the lungs is a disease that belongs to the group of systemic granulomatosis, which is benign in nature. The symptoms of this disease are most often experienced by people of young and middle age (about 20-40 years old). In most cases, women in this age group are susceptible to pulmonary sarcoidosis. The disease is concentrated in the area of the lungs and due to the appearance of sarcoid granulomas, uniting in foci of various sizes, it has an external resemblance to tuberculosis.

Due to the accumulation of granulomas, the functions of the lungs are impaired, as a result of which the symptoms of the disease are formed. Ultimately, there are two possible outcomes of the disease: changes in the fibrous nature in the affected lungs or perfect resorption of granulomas.

Causes of the disease

The reasons provoking this disease are still not clear. Currently existing theories cannot fully explain the nature of its origin. Supporters of the infectious theory argue that the causative agents of pulmonary sarcoidosis are protozoa, spirochetes, microbacteria, fungi or other types of microorganisms. In addition, in favor of the genetic nature of the origin of sarcoidosis of the lungs is indicated by a number of studies conducted on the scale of the familial manifestation of this disease.

A number of modern researchers associate the development of the disease with a violation of the body's immune response to the effects of endogenous or exogenous (substances of chemical origin, viruses, bacteria) factors. In representatives of certain professions, there is a certain trend in morbidity. These occupations include: mechanics, millers, postal workers, health workers, chemical workers and agriculture workers, tobacco addicts and firefighters.

Sarcoidosis is not contagious and cannot be transmitted from a carrier to a healthy person. In most cases, its multiorgan course is noted. Sarcoidosis of the lungs begins with damage to the alveolar tissue and is accompanied by the development of alveolitis with the further appearance of sarcoid granulomas. Subsequently, the granuloma either resolves or undergoes fibrotic changes, transforming into a cell-free hyaline mass.

Sarcoidosis of the lungs - symptoms

In the presence of pulmonary sarcoidosis, non-specific symptoms may occur: fatigue, weakness, anxiety, night sweats, malaise, sleep disturbances, weight and appetite loss. The intrathoracic lymphatic glandular form of sarcoidosis of the lungs in half of the patients may be asymptomatic, in other patients there are clinical manifestations such as pain in the joints and chest, weakness, fever, and cough. The mediastinal-pulmonary form of the disease passes against the background of pain in the chest area, shortness of breath, and cough.

On auscultation, scattered dry and wet rales and crepitus are heard. Other manifestations are also attached: eyes, skin, bones, parotid salivary glands, peripheral lymph nodes are affected. The pulmonary form of sarcoidosis is characterized by the presence of cough with sputum, shortness of breath, chest pain. Preventive measures to combat sarcoidosis have not yet been developed, since the causes of the disease are not clear.

Prevention can consist in minimizing the impact of occupational hazards on the body (especially in risk group occupations) and strengthening immunity.

Granuloma on the finger

Granulomas on the fingers can form with pyogenic granulomas. Pyogenic granuloma is a rapidly growing granuloma that sometimes occurs at the site of minor injuries. In addition to the term "pyogenic" granuloma in the literature, you can also find other synonyms: hemangioma of the granulation type, botryomycoma and others. The disease is a reactive process that, after a certain time, develops at the site of a mechanical injury.

It can occur in both men and women, most often in young men and children, less often in the elderly. In appearance, it resembles a vascular tumor 5-10 mm in diameter (in rare cases up to five centimeters), as if sitting on a wide or narrow leg and surrounded by a detached epithelium. A smooth red surface is characteristic of a tumor in the early stages of development.

In some cases, the surface of the tumor becomes warty or raspberry-like in appearance. The most common sites of localization are lips, feet, hands (especially fingers), perianal region, mucous membranes of the mouth, trunk.

Article author: Mochalov Pavel Alexandrovich | d. m. n. therapist

Education: Moscow Medical Institute. IM Sechenov, specialty - "General Medicine" in 1991, in 1993 "Occupational Diseases", in 1996 "Therapy".

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