Dysplasia - Causes And Symptoms Of Dysplasia

2024 Author: Josephine Shorter | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 21:43

Causes and symptoms of dysplasia

Dysplasia is a relatively new term that denotes any pathology in the development of tissues, organs or parts of the body. Abnormal development can begin during embryogenesis or postnatal period. Usually it consists in changes in size, shape, violation of the structure of cells, body tissues, or even entire organs. In most cases, dysplasia is a congenital pathology, but in some cases it appears in childhood or even in adults.

Depending on the affected tissue or organ, dysplasia of the hip joint, connective tissue, dysplasia of the cervix, fibrous and metaepiphyseal dysplasia, etc. are isolated. Let's consider the types of dysplasia in more detail.

Fibromuscular dysplasia is characterized by overgrowth of cells in the walls of arteries, which causes them to narrow. Most often, the pathology affects the renal and carotid arteries.

Ectodermal dysplasias unite over a hundred different congenital diseases that affect hair, nails, teeth and sweat glands. Ectodermal dysplasia also affects vision (sensitivity to light), shape of fingers and toes, and more.

Skeletal dysplasias affect the structure of bones and cartilage. This disorder is considered congenital, its consequences are, for example, very small stature, metaphyseal chondrodysplasia, achondroplasia, disorders of the cardiovascular and nervous system, etc.

Cervical dysplasia is the most common acquired form of dysplasia. It affects mainly women of reproductive age (25-30 years), and causes it in the overwhelming majority of cases human papillomavirus.

Content:

• Dysplasia causes
• Types of dysplasia
• Dysplasia symptoms
• Treatment

Dysplasia causes

The causes of congenital dysplasia are usually genetic in nature. Pathology develops as a result of hormonal changes, oxygen deficiency of the vascular walls and their internal mechanical stress, unfavorable environmental conditions or other external factors, gynecological or infectious diseases of the mother, etc.

Acquired dysplasia can be caused by birth or postpartum trauma. The development of cervical dysplasia is provoked by the human papillomavirus and human immunity disorders.

Types of dysplasia

• Dysplasia of the cervix
• Connective tissue dysplasia
• Dysplasia of the hip joint in adults
• Dysplasia of the hip joints in children

Dysplasia symptoms

The symptoms of dysplasia depend, first of all, on its type, that is, on the development of which tissue or organ has been impaired.

For example, fibrous dysplasia causes vasoconstriction, which leads to poor circulation.

Skeletal dysplasia leads to structural disruption of the skeleton.

Ectodermal dysplasias are manifested by an irregular nail shape, hair loss, and skin diseases.

But common pathological changes are considered to be a mismatch of cells in size (anisocytosis), an irregular shape of cells (poikilocytosis), a violation of tissue pigmentation (hyperchromatosis), abnormal mitotic activity of cells.

Treatment

Treatment of dysplasia, as well as its manifestations, depends on the tissues affected by the pathology.

Fibromuscular dysplasia is treated with reconstructive surgery and angioplasty, and blood pressure is normalized with drugs.

Human papillomavirus cervical dysplasia is treated with freezing (cryosurgery). They also use laser therapy, electrosurgical excision with loops (more about the treatment of cervical dysplasia)

Skeletal dysplasia therapy is aimed at reducing the risk of complications (neurological diseases, cardiac dysfunction).

Ectodermal dysplasia does not respond to complete treatment, but there are ways that you can eliminate some of the symptoms of the disease.

Author of the article: Alekseeva Maria Yurievna | Therapist

Education: From 2010 to 2016 Practitioner of the therapeutic hospital of the central medical-sanitary unit No. 21, city of elektrostal. Since 2016 she has been working in the diagnostic center No. 3.