His Bundle Branch Block - Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment And Prevention Of A His Leg Block

2024 Author: Josephine Shorter | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 21:43

His bundle branch block

Causes and symptoms of a blockage of the His leg, diagnosis and prevention

Determination of the blockade of the leg of His

Violation of the conduction of the His bundle is a dangerous disease that is directly related to serious impairments in the conduction of the impulse required for the proper functioning of the heart. This disease is diagnosed in many countries of the world. Incomplete blockade of the right bundle branch block is considered a partial violation of the passage of an important electrical impulse to the right of the bundle branch. With complete blockade of the right bundle branch block, an inevitable termination of the excitation occurs

As a rule, right bundle branch block is very rare in young people. Of the total indicators, it is no more than 0.1% of all cases. The incidence increases with age. In persons over 40 years of age, such disorders occur in approximately 4.5%. Experts have noticed that this disease most often occurs in men. With a dangerous acute myocardial infarction, the disease usually appears in no more than 3% of cases. Often it is provoked by an anterior transmural infarction. With posterior myocardial infarction, a partial block is diagnosed.

Causes of the bundle branch block

The main factors in the development of the presented ailment are heart valve defects, previous myocardial infarction, as well as hypertension. A complete blockage can be caused by special congenital conditions or acquired diseases.

Congenital moments include stenosis of the orifice of the pulmonary artery, incomplete development of a segment of a typical right bundle branch of His bundle, an atrial septal defect, an interventricular septal defect, as well as various heart defects, which always lead to overloads of the right ventricle.

Common acquired factors include chronic obstructive airways disease, neoplasms of the heart, blunt chest trauma, progressive muscular dystrophy, overdose of certain medications, the presence of negatively changing pathologies in the myocardium, and hyperkalemia characterized by a high potassium content.

Symptoms of a bundle branch block

Unfortunately, incomplete isolated blockade of a typical right bundle branch block practically does not manifest itself. However, it can be accidentally detected on an ECG examination. Incomplete bundle branch blockade has no definite symptoms at all. It is often found when listening to the myocardium and on the ECG.

Clinical signs of a special organic disease can appear with complete blockade of the right bundle branch. It should be noted that one third of patients may experience specific changes during normal listening to heart sounds.

Diagnosis of a bundle branch block

Today, the diagnosis of the disease is established on the basis of examination and listening to the patient's complaints. In addition, ultrasound examinations of the heart and a mandatory ECG are used. Such medical procedures make it possible to pinpoint certain irregularities in the work of the heart. The presented disease does not cause any difficulties in diagnosis, such violations are perfectly detected in a complex of several studies.

Treatment and prevention of a bundle branch block

A typical right bundle branch block usually does not require any treatment. Experts focus on precisely that progressive disease that provokes the presented cardiac disorders. For many young people without significant organic heart disease, the prognosis is usually relatively good. It is proved that the presented isolated blockade of the right bundle branch of His almost never turns into a complete blockade of the atrioventricular nature.

Despite this, there is a rare progression of right bundle branch block to typical second or third degree atrioventricular block. If these violations occur against the background of hypertension, then there is a worsening prognosis, since the mortality rate increases approximately threefold. It should be mentioned that the prognosis is also negatively affected by cardiomegaly and heart failure.

It is believed that the prognosis for violations on the right leg is always more favorable than for a dangerous left bundle branch block. In this case, complications are possible in the form of heart failure or atrioventricular disorders. The clinical picture of a bundle branch block is usually characterized by persistence, and a certain passing blockade is always short-lived. Based on this, a specialist can make specific preventive appointments.

Article author: Mochalov Pavel Alexandrovich | d. m. n. therapist

Education: Moscow Medical Institute. IM Sechenov, specialty - "General Medicine" in 1991, in 1993 "Occupational Diseases", in 1996 "Therapy".