Mycoplasma hominis in women during pregnancy
Microorganisms that cause mycoplasmosis in the medical classification are noted along with bacteria, fungi and viruses. They do not exist on their own, they parasitize on the cells of the infected person's body, receiving nutrients from them. Among the large number of mycoplasmas, 4 pathogenic species are known. They cause disease in certain conditions, affecting human cellular structures, namely in the presence of an inflammatory process.
There are several ways of transmission of microbes: sexual, drip-air and household. Sexually transmitted mycoplasmosis hominis is a clear threat to women, it can provoke inflammation and the formation of adhesions of the fallopian tubes and lead to infertility and ectopic pregnancy. Often, mycoplasmosis in pregnant women causes pathologies in the fetus, leads to miscarriages and premature birth.
This is due to the fact that the inflammatory process covers the membranes, resulting in their rupture, rupture of amniotic fluid and the onset of labor. Although the percentage of intrauterine infection of the fetus is small, only 20%, since the fetus is protected by the placenta, the bacteria are dangerous when the child passes through the birth canal of an infected woman in labor.
Incompletely cured mycoplasmosis causes pneumonia in women in labor and meningitis in babies. This disease manifests itself only for 3-5 weeks from the moment of infection, increases body temperature, women feel severe itching of the external genital organs, urethra. Attention is drawn to the pulling pain in the lower abdomen, there are discharge from the vagina, discomfort, burning sensation when urinating.
Mycoplasmosis is accompanied by skin rashes, pain in the liver, and frequent colds. Diagnosis of mycoplasma is too difficult, because there are no signs characteristic only of this disease, they are similar to other sexually transmitted diseases, and there are very few of them in order to make an accurate diagnosis using a microscope.
Symptoms of mycoplasmosis in pregnant women are among the most severe manifestations of the disease. Pregnancy can result in premature birth, spontaneous abortion, infectious agents can cause early discharge of amniotic fluid, fever during labor and in the postpartum period. Mycoplasmas can also provoke meningitis and pneumonia in neonates.
Symptoms characteristic of mycoplasmosis appear 3-5 weeks after infection and practically do not bother patients or do not appear at all (mainly in women).
To diagnose an infected woman, a smear is taken and an analysis is performed by the polymerase chain reaction or immunofluorescence method, diagnostics for detecting the presence of antibodies in mycoplasma is also possible based on the results of a blood test from a vein. Treatment of mycoplasmosis in modern practice with antibiotics allows you to easily and quickly achieve the disappearance of the clinical manifestations of mycoplasma and positive results. But some physicians report a low probability of complete elimination of mycoplasma.
Statistics show resistance to antibiotics used in about 10% of cases. If antibiotic treatment is unsuccessful, doctors recommend switching to fluoroquinolones. A scheme for the treatment of mycoplasmosis with homeopathic preparations has been thought out and developed by specialists, however, only very experienced and highly qualified homeopaths can competently build the treatment process.
At the slightest suspicion of a disease, an examination is necessary, and if mycoplasma is detected, it is necessary to begin immediate treatment of all persons who have had sexual contact with a patient with mycoplasma. Both sexual partners must undergo the course of treatment of a sexually transmitted disease, because re-infection with mycoplasma will recur and become inevitable. Delay and frivolous attitude to timely measures to identify and treat the disease is dangerous because mycoplasmosis becomes chronic and will remind of itself from time to time with relapses.
Bad habits, for example, excessive alcohol consumption, as well as emotional overload, provoke repeated exacerbations. A woman who wants to give birth to a healthy baby must take care of her health before the expected pregnancy. Do not enter into casual relationships, and if the disease still could not be avoided, then it is necessary to be carefully treated so that the diagnosis does not reveal a threat to the body from microbes. During pregnancy, treatment of mycoplasmosis, including antibiotic therapy, can be allowed only in the second trimester of the term.
Treatment regimens for mycoplasmosis during pregnancy
The question of the advisability of treating mycoplasmosis during pregnancy remains open today. Experts who classify infectious agents as absolutely pathogenic microorganisms consider such treatment necessary, in contrast to doctors who classify mycoplasmas as commensals of the genitourinary tract.
Treatment should be given if more hominis is found. Modern doctors believe that today it is imperative to do PCR, which has already been proven by the experience of many specialists; it is this method that is optimal for quantitative assessment of pathogenic flora.
The choice of antimicrobial agents for the treatment of mycoplasmosis is complicated by some features of the pathogen, in particular, the absence of a cell wall in microorganisms. The sensitivity of mycoplasmas to drugs that inhibit protein synthesis is known, these are antibiotics of the tetracycline series, fluoroquinolones, macrolides. Treatment regimens for mycoplasmosis may include erythromycin, rovamycin, clindamycin, azithromycin, the course of which is 10 days.
The question of the need to prescribe specific therapy for mycoplasmosis during pregnancy can be resolved only after analyzing the etiological role of pathogens in the appearance of pathological processes in the mother and fetus.
Article author: Mochalov Pavel Alexandrovich | d. m. n. therapist
Education: Moscow Medical Institute. IM Sechenov, specialty - "General Medicine" in 1991, in 1993 "Occupational Diseases", in 1996 "Therapy".
