Squamous cell lung cancer
There is a malignant tumor of the lung called squamous cell carcinoma. It is formed from flat-shaped cells of the epithelium of the bronchi, from which it got its name.
The disease can be cured only if it is detected at the initial (1,2) stages. If cancer is diagnosed at a later stage, then the chances of curing it are negligible, and treatment is reduced to simply prolonging the patient's life.
Content:
- According to the histological type, bronchopulmonary cancer is:
- Non-keratinizing lung cancer
- Keratinizing squamous cell lung cancer
- Glandular squamous cell lung cancer
- Rare forms of cancer
- Prognosis and treatment of squamous cell lung cancer
According to the histological type, bronchopulmonary cancer is:
- Squamous cell non-keratinizing lung cancer. Its features are mitosis, cell polyphonism;
- Keratinizing. It is characterized by the development of a large number of metastases;
- Glandular squamous cell, otherwise called adenocarcinoma, occurs mainly in women. Less common than other forms of cancer.
Depending on the location of the neoplasm relative to the bronchi, there are:
- Central squamous cell lung cancer is formed in the lobar, main, or segmental part of the organ. 70% of patients suffer from this type of tumor.
- Peripheral, localized in the subsegmental bronchi and their branches or in the alveolar tissue. It is rare (3% of patients).
Non-keratinizing lung cancer
The main characteristic of this histological formation is the presence of indirect cell division (mitosis) at a rate exceeding the multiplication of tissue cells. This factor determines the high dynamics of tumor growth.
The cells involved in the process contain keratins - mechanically strong fibrillar proteins.
Keratinizing squamous cell lung cancer
Metastases are a characteristic feature of this neoplasm. With keratinizing cancer, cells from the focus through the blood vessels, lymph flow, spread throughout the body.
It is characterized by the rapid onset of the formation of metastases. In this case, cancer cells reach other organs, usually through the lymph flow.
Glandular squamous cell lung cancer
This type of cancer is called adenocarcinoma - a neoplasm of the glandular epithelium of both external and internal organs.
Adenocarcinoma affects not only the lungs, but almost all human organs. Fortunately, doctors rarely make such a diagnosis.
Adenocarcinoma tends to visit the female body more often.
Rare forms of cancer
There are forms of neoplasms that are diagnosed less often than others, "popular". It:
- Neuroendocrine tumor - is formed in the neuroendocrine system from cells that are not in the organs related to it;
- Bronchoalveolar cancer. Located on the periphery of the lung, it is formed from the epithelium of the alveoli or bronchioles.
Prognosis and treatment of squamous cell lung cancer
The prognosis of the survival of patients with this ailment is very sad, because in almost every case, the tumor has time to form metastases. The forecast figures are as follows:
- Stage 1 - up to 80% per 100 patients;
- Stage 2 - up to 50%;
- Stage 3 - up to 25%;
- Stage 4 - up to 10%.
Treatment for squamous cell carcinoma is complex, and boils down to the use of chemotherapy, immunotherapy, radiotherapy and surgery.
The author of the article: Bykov Evgeny Pavlovich | Oncologist, surgeon
Education: graduated from residency at the Russian Scientific Oncological Center. N. N. Blokhin "and received a diploma in the specialty" Oncologist"
