2024 Author: Josephine Shorter | [email protected]. Last modified: 2024-01-17 02:10
The complete chemical composition of turmeric
235 compounds have been found in turmeric, primarily phenolic compounds and terpenoids. 22 diarylheptanoids and diarylpentanoids, 8 phenylpropenes and other phenolic compounds, 68 monoterpenes, 109 sesquiterpenes, 5 diterpenes, 3 triterpenoids, 4 sterols, 2 alkaloids and 14 other compounds have been identified.
The main non-volatile compounds are curcuminoids (1-6% of the total root volume). In turn, curcuminoids are represented by curcumin (75-81%), demethoxycurcumin (15-19%) and bisdemethoxycurcumin (2.5-6.5%).
The main volatile compounds are AR-turmerone, α-turmerone, β-turmerone (Curlon), AR-turmeric, zingiberen, α-pellandrene, 1,8-cineole and some other sesquiterpenes.
* Turmerones are sesquiterpenoid cyclic ketones that make up 40-50% of the volatile oil.
In addition, the root contains 0.76% alkaloids, 0.45% saponins, 1.08% tannin, 0.03% sterol, 0.82% phytic acid, 0.40% flavonoids, and 0.08% phenol.
- Fats: 3.2 g
- Proteins: 9.7 g
- Carbohydrates: 44.5 g
-
Water:
12.8 g
- Ash: 7 g
- Cellulose: 22,7 g
| Vitamins and vitamin-like | in 100 g |
| Vitamin C, Ascorbic acid | 0.7 mg |
| Vitamin B1, Thiamin | 0.06 mg |
| Vitamin B2, Riboflavin | 0.15 mg |
| Vitamin B3, PP, Niacin | 1.35 mg |
| Vitamin B4, Choline | 49.2 mg |
| Vitamin B5 Pantothenic Acid | 0.54 mg |
| Vitamin B6, Pyridoxine | 0.11 mg |
| Vitamin B9, Folic acid | 20 mcg |
| Betaine | 9.7 mg |
| Vitamin B12, Cobalamin | 0 μg |
| Vitamin A, Retinol | 0 μg |
| Vitamin D (D2 + D3) | 0 μg |
| Vitamin K, phylloquinone | 13.4 mcg |
| Vitamin H, biotin | 0 μg |
Vitamin E: |
|
|
Beta-tocopherol |
0.01 mg |
| Alpha-tocopherol | 4.43 mg |
| Gamma-tocopherol | 0.72 mg |
| Amino acids: | in 100 g |
Essential amino acids: |
|
| Arginine | 0.54 g |
| Valine | 0.66 g |
| Histidine | 0.15 g |
| Isoleucine | 0.47 g |
| Leucine | 0.81 g |
| Lysine | 0.38 g |
| Methionine | 0.14 g |
| Threonine | 0.33 g |
| Tryptophan | 0.17 g |
| Phenylalanine | 0.53 g |
Replaceable amino acids: |
|
| Alanin | 0.33 g |
| Aspartic acid | 1.86 g |
| Glycine | 0.47 g |
| Glutamic acid | 1.14 g |
| Proline | 0.48 g |
| Serine | 0.28 g |
| Cysteine | 0.15 g |
| Tyrosine | 0.32 g |
| Fatty acid: | in 100 g |
Saturated: |
1.838 g |
| Caprylic | 0.003 g |
| Capric | 0.848 g |
| Lauric | 0.003 g |
| Myristic | 0.394 g |
| Margarine | 0.335 g |
| Palmitic |
0.155 g |
| Stearic | 0.003 g |
| Arachinic | 0.097 g |
Monounsaturated: |
0.449 g |
| Omega-9 (oleic) | 0.131 g |
| Myristoleic | 0.154 g |
| Heptadecene | 0.164 g |
| Cis fats | 0.075 g |
| Trans fats | 0.056 g |
Polyunsaturated: |
0.756 g |
| Omega-3 (linolenic) | 0.084 g |
| Omega-6 (linoleic) | 0.672 g |
| Minerals | in 100 g |
Macronutrients: |
|
| Potassium, K | 2080 mg |
| Calcium, Ca | 168 mg |
| Magnesium, Mg | 208 mg |
| Phosphorus, P | 299 mg |
| Sodium, Na | 27 mg |
| Sulfur | 96.8 mg |
Trace elements: |
|
| Iron, Fe | 55 mg |
| Manganese, Mn | 19.8 mg |
| Copper, Cu | 1300 mcg |
| Selenium, Se | 6.2 μg |
| Zinc, Zn | 4.5 mg |
| Basic substances: | in 100 g |
| Water | 12.85 g |
| Protein | 9.68 g |
| Fats | 3.25 g |
| Ash |
7.08 g |
| Carbohydrates | 44.44 g |
| Cellulose | 22,7 g |
| Sakharov (total) | 3.21 g |
| Sucrose | 0.38 g |
| Glucose (dextrose) | 0.38 g |
| Fructose | 0.45 g |
| Caffeine | 0 mg |
| Theobromine | 0 mg |
Back to the description of the medicinal properties of turmeric ➤
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