Antibiotics For Angina For An Adult, A List Of The Best

2024 Author: Josephine Shorter | [email protected]. Last modified: 2024-01-17 02:10

Antibiotics for angina for an adult

Angina is a common infectious disease characterized by acute inflammation of the components of the lymphadenoid pharyngeal ring. Most often this applies specifically to the palatine tonsils, other links of the pharyngeal ring are damaged much less often.

If symptoms of sore throat occur, you should consult a doctor who will take a bacterial culture test, determine the treatment regimen and prescribe the necessary antibiotic for sore throat.

Using the wrong dosage, skipping pills, or taking the antibiotic for longer or less than the label says can contribute to bacterial resistance. Even if you feel better after a few days, talk to your healthcare provider before stopping the antibiotic.

Self-medication in such a situation is unacceptable, since angina is a very serious disease that can lead to many complications. That is why strict adherence to the treatment regimen is the key to a quick and successful recovery.

Content:

• The choice of antibiotics for angina, depending on different situations
• Complications with angina

• How to take antibiotics correctly?

  How many days to drink?

• List of the most popular antibiotics and their cost

• The best antibiotic for angina

  What means can be used to replace Amoxicillin?

• What antibiotic is best for a child with angina?
• Side effects
• New generation antibiotics for angina: how good are they?

The choice of antibiotics for angina, depending on different situations

It is worth paying attention if you have the following conditions:

1. Allergy. It develops into a certain drug only if the person has taken it before. Accordingly, adults are more prone to allergic manifestations than children, since by adulthood every person has taken antibiotics at least once. All antibacterial drugs previously taken and allergic reactions to them must be reported to the attending physician.

   Most often, adults are allergic to penicillin and antibiotics based on it. Among the means of this group, Ampicillin, Amoxicillin, Phenoxymethylpenicillin are often used for the treatment of angina.

   Allergy to penicillin occurs in 6% of adult patients, half of them are also hypersensitive to cephalosporins, the active ingredient is cefadroxil. People who are sensitized to both penicillins and cephalosporins are more likely to be allergic to the beta-lactam ring. This phenomenon is not lifelong, every year 10% of patients in this group lose their hypersensitivity to the components of modern antibiotics of the penicillin series.

   However, in the presence of allergic reactions to both cephalosporins and penicillins, treatment with macrolide antibiotics is prescribed, the most common of which is Erythromycin.

   With a simultaneous allergy to the beta-lactam ring and drugs of the macrolide group, the patient is prescribed lincosamides, one of the common drugs in this group is Lincomycin. They need to be taken with caution and only under the supervision of a doctor, as they have many side effects.

2. Resistance of the causative agent of angina to antibiotics. The most common reason is misuse or overuse. It is estimated that about 30% of antibiotics taken are considered excessive. ^[1]

   Any antibiotic has a course of use that must be followed. If the patient ignores these rules and stops taking the medicine as soon as the negative symptoms disappear, some of the pathogens remain viable, acquiring signs of antibiotic resistance. This gives rise to a population of bacteria resistant to antibacterial drugs.

   Due to the prevalence of resistant strains of sore throat pathogens, when diagnosing "sore throat", the patient is obliged to do a bacterial culture and take tests. So it is easier for a doctor to determine the sensitivity of bacteria to antibiotics of a certain group and to prescribe adequate treatment.

3. Low efficiency of adult patients. Improper treatment of sore throat can be as dangerous as completely ignoring the disease. And if among younger patients there is more often a situation when worried mothers give antibiotics to children at the first signs of angina, even if it does not require such drastic measures, then adults in most cases carry the disease "on their feet."

   For the treatment of responsible patients, antibiotics are prescribed in the form of capsules, tablets, suspensions. Whereas patients who are unable to adhere to the course of treatment are given antibiotic injections. The drugs in both cases are prescribed the same, only the form of release and the scheme of administration differ.

4. Are taking other medications. People taking antibiotics should not take other medicines or herbal remedies without talking to their doctor. Some over-the-counter drugs can also interact with antibiotics. Antibacterial drugs should not decrease the effectiveness of other medicines or worsen their side effects.

   Some doctors suggest that antibiotics for angina may reduce the effectiveness of oral contraceptives. However, research generally does not support this. ^[2]

   However, if you have vomiting or diarrhea, the effectiveness of the tablets will decrease. Take additional contraceptive measures under these circumstances.

   Some common medications interact with certain antibiotics. These include:

   • Cyclosporine - cannot be taken together with azithromycin and penicillins, as this increases the toxic effect;
   • Amoxicillin in combination with clavulanic acid should not be taken simultaneously with probenecid;
   • blood thinners;
   • antihistamines;
   • antacid drug;
   • multivitamins and certain supplements, especially those high in zinc, iron, and calcium;
   • non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs);
   • medicines for psoriasis;
   • medicines for rheumatoid arthritis;
   • potassium-sparing diuretics;
   • antifungal drugs;
   • diabetes medications;
   • muscle relaxants;
   • steroids;
   • medicines for Parkinson's disease;
   • lithium;
   • retinoids and vitamin A;
   • cholesterol drugs, including statins;
   • migraine medications;
   • medications for gout;
   • tricyclic antidepressants.

   That is why, before prescribing antibiotics for angina to an adult patient, the doctor must carefully study the history and get all the information about the drugs that the person is using at the moment.

Complications with angina

If symptoms of sore throat do not improve within 48 hours after taking an antibiotic, see your doctor. You may need a different antibiotic to fight the infection. If the disease is left untreated, it can lead to serious complications.

Such as:

• otitis;
• sinusitis;
• rheumatic fever that affects the joints, heart and skin;
• post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis, is an inflammation of the kidneys;
• mastoiditis, an infection of the mastoid bone in the skull;
• scarlet fever occurs when toxins created by a streptococcal infection cause scarlet rashes to develop on different parts of the body;
• guttate psoriasis is a condition that causes small red teardrop-shaped spots to appear on the body;
• paratonsillar abscess, is a purulent-filled infection that develops in the back of the tonsils.

How to take antibiotics correctly?

Antibacterial drugs must be taken strictly according to the scheme at the same time. Indiscriminate use can lead to a decrease in the sensitivity of bacteria to the antibiotic and in the future, this drug will no longer help.

Each drug has an annotation, usually antibiotics are taken 1-3 times a day, at regular intervals. In order for the drug to be better absorbed into the blood, it must be taken either 1 hour before meals, or 2 hours after meals.

How many days to drink?

Antibiotics take effect immediately after they are taken. However, for two to three days, you may not feel any improvement. It depends on the type of infection and how quickly your body recovers from treatment.

Most antibiotics should be taken for 7 to 14 days. The exact dosage and duration of treatment is determined by your doctor.

An exception is some drugs with the active ingredient Azithromycin. The period of taking an antibiotic for angina is 3 or 5 days.

Even if you feel better after a few days of treatment, a full course of antibiotics should be taken to completely clear the infection. It can also prevent antibiotic resistance.

List of the most popular antibiotics and their cost for 2020

Price in rubles
Augmentin	from 150 p. up to 460 p.
Amoxicillin	from 60 p. up to 350 p.
Amoxiclav	from 130 p. up to 450 p.
Azithromycin	from 130 p. up to 360 p.
Zitrolide	310 p.
Clarithromycin	from 190 p. up to 740 p.
Lincomycin	150
Panclave	385 p.
Rapiklav	420 p.
Sumamed	570 p.
Tetracycline	125 p.
Flemoxin Solutab	250 p.
Ceftriaxone	from 170 p. up to 1050 p.

The best antibiotic for angina

Amoxicillin was originally developed as a replacement for the popular antibiotic penicillin. It was required that the new drug retained all the advantages of its "ancestor" and had no drawbacks.

In 1928, Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin, the first natural antibiotic.

Benefits of Amoxicillin as an antibacterial drug:

• high efficiency in the treatment of bacterial infections, the causative agents of which do not have resistance to penicillin antibiotics, prevents the development of complications;
• does not have a depressing effect on the beneficial intestinal microflora, does not provoke dyspeptic disorders and other side effects;
• possesses high bioavailability, is almost completely absorbed by tissues (93% of the active substance). This favorably distinguishes Amoxicillin from other drugs of the penicillin group, even those with a greater impact force;
• a variety of release forms - tablets, capsules, powders, suspensions, injections, which allows the drug to be used to treat patients of all age groups;
• are also prescribed for young children, including infants, as it gently affects the intestinal microflora, without causing dysbiosis. For infants, Amoxicillin is prescribed in the form of a powder, from which a suspension is made.

The following drugs are made on the basis of amoxicillin: Flemoxin Solutab, Augmentin, Amoxiclav, Ranoxil. All of them are suitable for the treatment of purulent tonsillitis, acute tonsillitis in children and adults, while having an affordable price and a minimum of side effects. With a properly prescribed drug, angina and its unpleasant symptoms are eliminated in five days.

Special attention should be paid to the drug Augmentin - a drug that contains not only amoxicillin, but also clavulanic acid. By itself, this auxiliary substance has a weak antibacterial activity, its main function in the complex is to protect the active substance from destruction by bacteria enzymes. Thus, Augmentin effectively fights even with strains of microorganisms resistant to amoxicillin. The complex of active ingredients is safe to use and does not give additional side effects. Other drugs based on this complex: Amoxiclav, Baktoklav, Panklav, Ekoklav. For reliability, doctors prescribe them immediately instead of the usual amoxicillin.

The downside of this popular antibiotic is a number of problems that have arisen precisely because of its widespread availability and widespread use. Since amoxicillin is often prescribed for the treatment of bacterial diseases, including sore throats, in some cases even without an accurate diagnosis, many microorganisms have acquired resistance to the active substance of the drug.

And with frequent use of this agent, the patient may develop hypersensitivity and allergic rashes. At the same time, resistant strains of bacteria may not respond to treatment even with a complex of amoxicillin and clavulanic acid. This forces doctors to look for an alternative.

What remedies can replace amoxicillin?

Groups of antibiotics used to treat angina in adults (in decreasing order of preference):

1. Penicillins. The oldest and most popular drug of this series is Penicillin itself, it is usually used in injections if Amoxicillin is not at hand. The same applies to other drugs of the penicillin group - Ampicillin, Phenoxymethylpenicillin and Benzatin benzylpenicillin. They are not as effective as amoxicillin, have lower bioavailability and absorption, are less safe in terms of side effects, and provoke the same allergic reactions in penicillin-sensitive patients.
2. Cephalosporins. The drug Cedrox, Duracef, Biodroxil belong to the group of cephalosporins based on the active substance cefadroxil. They are a worthy alternative to penicillin antibiotics, therefore they are prescribed to adult patients with angina with allergy to amoxicillin or high resistance of pathogens to penicillin drugs. Other popular cephalosporins are Cefaclor, Cefazolin, Cefalexin.

3. Macrolides. In case of resistance of the causative agent of the disease to antibacterial drugs with a beta-lactam ring, treatment of angina in adult patients is carried out using macrolides. This group of drugs successfully fights streptococci and staphylococci, which most often provoke inflammatory processes in the upper respiratory tract. Macrolides form a high concentration of the active substance in the tissues, inhibiting the pathogenic microflora. Their effect is so strong and effective that usually a seven-day course of treatment is enough to eliminate the causative agents of sore throat and complete recovery.

   The most popular drug in this group is Azithromycin; Clarithromycin, Midecamycin, Josamycin, Roxithromycin and other drugs are also used to treat angina. But antibiotics of a number of macrolides have a significant drawback - a pronounced side effect in the form of indigestion. Macrolides inhibit not only pathogenic strains that provoke sore throat, but also the beneficial intestinal microflora, so they are prescribed with great care. Another disadvantage of macrolides is their high price, in comparison with penicillins.

4. Lincosamides. Prescribed when it is impossible to use the above antibiotics. With their sufficiently high efficiency, the main disadvantage is that pathogenic microorganisms quickly get used to drugs, developing resistance. Popular agents in this group are Lincomycin, Clindamycin.

What antibiotic is best for a child with angina?

It is the task of the pediatrician to determine the most effective antibiotic in each individual case. There is no universal remedy that helps everyone and always.

As a rule, it is possible to effectively and inexpensively cure angina with the help of a modern antibiotic of the penicillin series - amoxicillin (Amoxicillin, Augmentin, Flemoxin solutab, Gramox in the form of a suspension are sold for children, allowed from birth). However, this remedy is not suitable if you are allergic to penicillin.

From macrolides are prescribed: Hemomycin, Sumamed in the form of suspensions for six months. From birth, Spiramycin is prescribed - at the discretion of the doctor.

From birth cephalosporins are prescribed: Cephalexin and Ceftriaxone - in the form of a suspension.

Side effects

Side effects include:

1. Digestive problems. This is the most common side effect. Anyone experiencing severe or prolonged symptoms should stop taking antibiotics and talk to their doctor.

   Severe symptoms include:

   • blood or mucus in stool;
   • severe diarrhea;
   • intense cramps or pain in the abdomen;
   • fever;
   • indomitable vomiting.

2. Fungal infection. Antibiotics are designed to kill harmful bacteria. However, they sometimes kill the good bacteria that protect people from fungal infections.

   Symptoms of common fungal infections include:

   • vaginal itching, swelling, and soreness;
   • pain and burning sensation during intercourse and during urination;
   • abnormal vaginal discharge, usually white to gray;
   • fever and chills;
   • white, thick coating in the mouth and throat;
   • pain while eating or swallowing;
   • white patches on the throat, cheeks, roof of the mouth, or tongue;
   • loss of taste;
   • cottony sensation in the mouth.
3. Light sensitivity. Many types of antibiotics make the skin more sensitive to the sun (photosensitive).

4. Staining teeth and bones. Some studies show that 3% to 6% of people who take tetracycline develop stains on the enamel of their teeth. The staining is irreversible in adults as their teeth do not change. ^[2]

   Talk to your doctor about changing your antibiotic if taking the medication causes discoloration or discoloration of your teeth.

5. Renal failure The kidneys are responsible for removing toxins, including drugs, from the bloodstream and the body through urine. Doctors often prescribe lower doses of antibiotics to older people or people with kidney disease.

New generation antibiotics for angina: how good are they?

New generations of antibiotics rarely have any revolutionary properties in the treatment of a particular disease. The main purpose of their creation is the fight against microorganisms that have developed resistance to already existing antibiotics and have spread among the population. That is, they act on bacteria in the same way, which means that there is no point in choosing a new generation drug for no particular reason.

Among those "special reasons" for choosing a new generation antibiotic treatment, there are only two factors:

1. Resistance. Immunity of the causative agent of tonsillitis to the most common antibiotics in the presence of sensitivity to a new, recently invented agent.

   Situations are possible in which a bacterium that has successfully developed resistance to one antibiotic becomes invulnerable to all antibiotics of this type, including new ones and not even invented yet.

2. Allergy. Hypersensitivity or allergy to traditional drugs.

In case of a sore throat and the first unsuccessful attempts to cure it with traditional antibiotics, they turn to new generation drugs: Ticarcillin, Roxithromycin, Telithromycin, Cefpirome, etc. They will cope with the disease as quickly as conventional Ampicillin or Amoxicillin.

A logical question arises: if there is no difference in the action of these drugs, but new generation antibiotics are capable of affecting any bacteria, including those strains that have managed to develop resistance to traditional drugs, then why not always use only the most modern drugs? The answer is very simple - new generation pharmaceuticals always cost several times more than traditional ones.

Therefore, new generation pharmaceuticals are used only in a hopeless situation when therapy with tested antibiotics does not give any results.

Also, all antibiotics for sore throats of the new generation have one general contraindication: pregnant women and nursing mothers should not take them due to the lack of data on the effect of one or another drug on the condition of the fetus or infant fed with breast milk with the components of the drug. This information appears in the instructions and in the public domain, usually after six months or even several years of the sale and use of the drug.

The author of the article: Lazarev Oleg Vladimirovich | ENT

Education: In 2009, he received a diploma in the specialty "General Medicine" at the Petrozavodsk State University. After completing an internship at the Murmansk Regional Clinical Hospital, he received a diploma in Otorhinolaryngology (2010)