Prevention of mumps
Mumps refers to viral infectious diseases, it is accompanied by intoxication of the body and inflammation of the salivary glands. In more rare cases, mumps affects other glands in the body, some internal organs, or the nervous system.
A disease of any form and severity can pose a threat to the surrounding healthy people. The danger of infection occurs 1–2 days before the first clinical manifestations of mumps; after the ninth day of illness, the patient is no longer considered contagious.
The virus is transmitted by airborne droplets, with rare exceptions, mumps can be transmitted from mother to fetus (intrauterine infection).
People with mumps need to be isolated for the first nine days after the onset of the disease. On day 21 after contact, quarantine is declared.
In order to prevent isolation, children under 10 years old who have not had mumps before and who have no immunity are exposed. 10 days after contact with a sick person, doctors begin to systematically examine children in order to detect mumps in them in the early stages if they become infected.
Vaccination against mumps
In order to prevent mumps, active immunization using live mumps vaccine is being carried out today. Vaccination against mumps is considered to be very effective from an immunological and epidemiological point of view.
The vaccine is administered to children at the age of one year. One dose is administered as a single dose under the skin. At the age of six, revaccination is necessary.
Unscheduled children who have been in contact with a sick person are vaccinated. Such a vaccination is carried out urgently and is given only to those who have not previously had mumps and have not been vaccinated.
Mumps vaccine
Five vaccines are currently registered on the territory of the Russian Federation, which are used to prevent mumps. These are monovaccines, divaccines (mumps, measles) and three trivaccines directed against the causative agents of mumps, measles and rubella.
Different countries use different strains of viruses to produce the mumps vaccine. In Russia, the L-3 strain is used for these purposes.
In our country, monovaccination has been carried out since 1981. At the beginning of the XXI century, the production of domestic divaccine began on the territory of the Russian Federation. Its use is currently preferred as the most cost-effective and ethical vaccine for vaccine prevention. A sufficient amount of immunogenicity is characteristic of divaccines, and its reactogenicity does not differ in any way from a monovaccine.
The domestic pharmaceutical industry does not produce trivaccines. Foreign vaccines used to prevent mumps, measles and rubella differ from each other in the strains of pathogens. All of them have practically the same immunobiological properties and are approved for use for vaccination in accordance with the Russian vaccination schedule.
Article author: Mochalov Pavel Alexandrovich | d. m. n. therapist
Education: Moscow Medical Institute. IM Sechenov, specialty - "General Medicine" in 1991, in 1993 "Occupational Diseases", in 1996 "Therapy".
