Magnesia For Pressure Reduction - Effectiveness And Contraindications

2024 Author: Josephine Shorter | [email protected]. Last modified: 2024-01-07 17:49

Magnesia for pressure reduction

Magnesia has been used in cardiology practice for a long time to reduce pressure. This drug provides a rapid expansion of blood vessels, thereby reducing blood pressure.

Arterial hypertension is a leading problem for cardiologists around the world. High blood pressure accompanies over 50 different diseases. In 1% of cases, arterial hypertension leads to the development of a hypertensive crisis, in which the administration of magnesium sulfate is also indicated.

Magnesia is used to reduce blood pressure levels, since the drug contributes to the development of the following effects:

• Expands the lumen of the coronary arteries by relaxing their muscle walls.
• Reduces vasospasm.
• Normalizes heart rate.
• Reduces peripheral vascular resistance.
• Reduces platelet aggregation.
• It has a diuretic effect.
• Has a sedative effect.

The most effective use of magnesium sulfate in bidirectional ventricular tachycardia of the "pirouette" type.

Content:

• Intramuscular injection of magnesium to reduce pressure
• Intravenous administration of magnesium to reduce blood pressure
• When magnesia cannot be used
• Features of using magnesia to reduce pressure
• Dangers of using magnesia

Intramuscular injection of magnesium to reduce pressure

To lower blood pressure, 1 ampoule of a solution of 25% concentration in a volume of 10 ml is used. Since intramuscular administration is quite painful, magnesia is combined with Novocaine or Lidocaine. You can pre-make an injection of an anesthetic drug, then inject magnesia, or mix both drugs in one syringe. One ampoule of magnesia takes one ampoule of Novocaine.

The procedure for the introduction of magnesia to reduce blood pressure is carried out as follows:

• The patient is placed on his stomach or on his side.
• The needle is inserted into the upper part of the buttock, which is located away from the axis of the body. Previously, the skin area is thoroughly treated with an alcohol solution.
• It is important to administer the drug slowly. The whole procedure cannot take less than 2 minutes.
• The needle should go deep into the soft tissue. It is injected at a right angle.

When using magnesium in the form of injections, it must be remembered that there is an increased risk of infiltration. For elderly patients, the drug should be used in a reduced dose, since they have reduced renal function.

It should be understood that intramuscular administration of magnesium at elevated pressure has a very weak effect, especially when it comes to hypertensive crisis. Sometimes intramuscular administration of magnesia is practiced in a hospital with a persistent increase in blood pressure, which cannot be stopped by other drugs. The effect will be visible, but more often than not, it is minor. Therefore, most modern doctors refuse to use this drug to lower blood pressure, especially when it comes to intramuscular injections. Nevertheless, this drug is always present in the arsenal of the ambulance crew.

Intravenous administration of magnesium to reduce blood pressure

The systemic effect after intravenous administration of magnesium is achieved almost instantly. Cardiologists prescribe the drug for hypertensive crisis, with myocardial infarction, in a complex treatment regimen for exertional angina, with arrhythmia. Most often, all these conditions are accompanied by an increase in blood pressure.

The dose must be specified taking into account the therapeutic effect and the concentration of magnesium ions in the blood serum. As a rule, to relieve a hypertensive crisis, the drug is administered intravenously very slowly. The dosage is from 5 to 20 ml of a 25% magnesium solution. Magnesia is introduced in a stream, for 5-7 minutes.

The introduction of the drug at a faster rate will lead to the fact that complications such as:

• Dizziness;
• Increased sweating;
• Depression of the respiratory center;
• Feeling hot.

If the patient has similar complaints, then the rate of administration of the drug should be reduced. Intravenous pressure will drop almost immediately. The effect will last for half an hour. During this time, the patient will be taken to the hospital of the cardiology department, where a decision will be made on the methods of further treatment.

When magnesia cannot be used

Like any drug, magnesia cannot always be used to lower blood pressure.

Contraindications to the use of the drug are:

• Atrioventricular block of 1-3 degrees.
• The presence of hypersensitivity to magnesium in the patient.
• Renal failure
• Low blood pressure.
• Any condition of the body associated with a lack of calcium.
• Respiratory function depression.
• Bradycardia.
• The period is two hours before the onset of labor.
• Any diseases of the respiratory system.
• Exacerbation of diseases of the digestive tract.

Magnesia is prescribed with extreme caution to elderly people, pregnant and lactating women, as well as children. It should be borne in mind that in a hypertensive crisis, the drug is an auxiliary, and not the main agent used to stop an attack.

Features of using magnesia to reduce pressure

Do not confuse the treatment of high blood pressure and the signs of a hypertensive crisis, which must be eliminated as soon as possible. Hypertension is a medical condition that needs constant treatment. Temporarily relieving the symptoms of high blood pressure will not relieve a person of health problems. The disease does not disappear after using magnesia.

Of course, the pressure after the introduction of magnesia decreases, and sometimes very strongly. However, after a few hours it will rise again. Therefore, you should not use magnesium alone for the treatment of hypertension. It is very dangerous to do such an injection at night, since the patient's pressure will rise in the morning. This, in turn, leads to the development of heart failure. Therefore, the treatment of high blood pressure with magnesia is not carried out. With its help, they provide emergency assistance for hypertensive crisis.

So, within an hour, the patient needs to reduce the pressure in the following emergency conditions that occur during a hypertensive crisis:

• Eclampsia;
• Acute aortic dissection;
• Hypertensive encephalopathy;
• Acute left ventricular failure;
• Acute heart attack or stroke in the brain;
• Hypertension with intracerebral hemorrhage, etc.

Moreover, magnesia in this case is used as an auxiliary, and not as the main drug (Nitroglycerin, Esmolol, Labetalol, etc.).

So, if a person's blood pressure rises several times a year, then he must visit a cardiologist and undergo a comprehensive examination. Self-use of magnesium to reduce pressure is unacceptable, as it can cause serious harm to your health.

Dangers of using magnesia

Magnesia is a drug that can only be prescribed by a doctor.

Magnesium sulfate has an extensive list of side effects, many of which are quite dangerous:

• Dyspnea;
• Respiratory depression;
• Weakening of reflexes;
• Insufficient blood circulation;
• Increased body temperature;
• Drop in blood pressure to low values;
• Atony of the uterus;
• Polyuria;
• Bradycardia;
• Nausea, vomiting;
• Speech disorders;
• Cardiac arrest, etc.

No less dangerous is an overdose of the drug, which manifests itself in the absence of a knee reflex, in nausea, vomiting, respiratory depression, and a decrease in blood pressure. An overdose of magnesium is stopped by intravenous administration of a solution of calcium chloride or calcium gluconate in a volume of 5-10 ml. Therefore, the procedure for reducing pressure using magnesia can be ruled out under medical supervision.

Author of the article: Alekseeva Maria Yurievna | Therapist

Education: From 2010 to 2016 Practitioner of the therapeutic hospital of the central medical-sanitary unit No. 21, city of elektrostal. Since 2016 she has been working in the diagnostic center No. 3.