What can and cannot be eaten with food poisoning?
Food poisoning is very common. In this case, the digestive system suffers primarily. To cope with the problem, you need to pay special attention to nutrition. When the intoxication from the body is removed, and the main symptoms of poisoning are stopped, you need to think about the human diet. Its correct compilation is of the same importance as medical correction.
In case of poisoning, the walls of the stomach and intestines suffer, so a person develops gastritis and diarrhea. The pancreas and liver are under attack. To restore the normal functioning of these organs, you need to eat properly.
The World Health Organization strongly advises against giving up food altogether. In case of food poisoning, this can only harm the body. Prolonged fasting only increases the damage to the inflamed mucous membranes.
Content:
- General nutritional recommendations for poisoning
- What can you eat in case of poisoning?
- What can not be eaten in case of poisoning?
- Sample food menu
- Weekly mode
- Diet for a child after food poisoning
General nutritional recommendations for poisoning
To unload the digestive system, you need to follow a diet. The patient is shown the consumption of sparing meals.
Since food poisoning is often manifested by vomiting and diarrhea, the diet should be formulated according to the following rules:
- The menu should be chosen in such a way as to prevent the development of dehydration and help eliminate inflammation.
- The diet should help restore electrolyte balance.
- The diet should promote the regeneration of the mucous membranes of the stomach and intestines.
The menu should be structured so that it enriches the body with vitamins, microelements and nutrients.
Basic nutritional principles for food poisoning:
- The daily intake of protein is 80 g, carbohydrates - 200 g, fat - 85 g.
- You need to take food every 2-2.5 hours. The average serving weight is 100 g.
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You need to drink about 2.5 liters of water per day. This will allow you to remove harmful substances from the body and prevent the development of dehydration. In addition to plain water, you can drink alkaline mineral water, but without gas, as well as medicinal decoctions and infusions. Every 30 minutes, at least 80 mg of fluid should be ingested. This will help prevent dehydration and not provoke an emetic urge.
- Food must be steamed and then mashed or twisted.
- In the process of eating, one should not rush, each piece must be thoroughly chewed, without being distracted by external stimuli: the phone, books, TV.
- The food is heated to a temperature of 18-55 ° C.
- There should not be much salt in the diet, as it irritates the organs of the digestive system.
- It is forbidden to consume alcoholic beverages, as they load the liver and kidneys. Alcohol can seriously disrupt their performance.
- You need to adhere to a sparing menu up to 21 days, but not less than 18 days. It all depends on the severity of the poisoning. You can switch to your usual meal plan gradually, introducing only 1 dish every day.
What can you eat in case of poisoning?
Immediately after poisoning, the human body is very weak. Therefore, the menu should not contain a lot of carbohydrates and fats. The digestive system simply does not have enough strength to assimilate them.
You should not eat fruits, as they provoke fermentation in the intestines. Particular attention should be paid to the protein component. During poisoning, the body loses a lot of proteins, so you need to take care of their replenishment. If the diet is drawn up correctly, then the person does not have vomiting. It can only go down to mild nausea.
You don't need to exclude carbohydrates from the menu. Their source can be dried fruit compotes. Complex carbohydrates are essential for the production of glycogen in the liver. This is necessary to remove intoxication from the body. Vitamins that a person especially needs after food poisoning: vitamin A, tocopherol, vitamin C, B vitamins.
Allowed Products
Allowed products after suffering poisoning:
- Low-fat meats: rabbit, poultry. Steam cutlets or meatballs are prepared from it. Also, meat is allowed to cook.
- Low-fat broths on poultry meat.
- Low-fat varieties of fish.
- Slimy soups based on oatmeal, rice, buckwheat.
- Low-fat cottage cheese and milk.
- Steamed omelets or soft-boiled egg.
- Butter is allowed, but it is eaten in small portions.
- Fruit jelly, jelly, compotes and mousses.
- Crackers and crackers.
- Fruit juices to be diluted with water. You can drink weak tea with lemon, dill water, rosehip broth.
What can not be eaten in case of poisoning?
Food poisoning requires avoiding many foods. However, you should not despair, since such a restrictive measure is temporary.
It is important to remove from the menu foods that contribute to increased bile production. This will rid the digestive organs of the irritating effects of hydrochloric acid and enzymes.
Fatty, spicy, salty foods, foods containing acids and essential oils are banned. You can not include in the menu products that are a source of coarse fiber. They load the digestive organs, intensify the fermentation processes in the intestines, and intensify the pain in the abdomen.
Prohibited foods
For food poisoning, foods such as:
- Spicy, fried, spicy, pickled, fatty foods. This also includes smoked meats and fast food.
- Fresh fruits, sour berries, citrus fruits, nuts.
- Legumes, cabbage, mushrooms, radishes, onions, cucumbers.
- Pastries, fresh pastries, chocolate, cakes, pasta.
- Fatty broths, complex soups.
- Fatty meat and fatty fish.
- Sausage, canned food, sauces, semi-finished products.
- Pearl barley, millet, corn.
- Strong coffee and tea.
- Sparkling water.
Sample food menu
The patient should eat as varied as possible. Eating the same foods every day is unacceptable. Both children and adults, after food poisoning, can be guided by the menu presented in the table.
- Breakfast. Sweet tea, oatmeal with vegetable oil and sugar.
- Lunch. Banana and compote with dried fruits.
- Afternoon snack. Dried white bread, a small piece of boiled chicken, still alkaline mineral water.
- Dinner. Chicken broth with dried white bread.
- Snack. Galette cookies and green tea.
- Dinner. Stewed vegetables and compote.
Weekly mode
- In the first 7 days after the poisoning happened, you can drink low-fat boiled milk, as well as kefir and yogurt without additives. Consume dairy products in small portions so as not to overload the stomach and not provoke vomiting.
- In the second week, you can eat cabbage, vegetable soups and legumes. Also, the menu is supplemented with slimy cereals with honey and milk.
- From the third week, fried foods and pastries are gradually introduced into the diet. It is allowed to add spices to soups. At the same time, the table is expanded with sweets.
- Starting from the fourth week, you can return to the usual menu. Provided that the poisoning was severe and the person was in the hospital, it is necessary to refrain from returning to the usual dishes for another week.
Diet for a child after food poisoning
The diet for children who have had food poisoning follows the same rules as the diet for an adult. If the child has not reached the age of one and is breastfed or artificially fed, then 5-6 hours after the poisoning, he is offered rice broth, as well as his usual mixtures. In this case, the number of servings eaten should be reduced by 20%. They are replaced with liquid and solutions for dehydration (you can offer your child Rehydron or Glucosolan). Other types of complementary foods are introduced smoothly, starting from 3 days after the poisoning occurred. You can give your baby vegetable puree, buckwheat or rice groats, chicken egg yolk, fruit-based jelly. The total volume of such dishes should not exceed 5-10%. Then the child's diet is gradually expanded, offering him meatballs, etc.
For older children, the menu is being modified. On the first day, you need to feed the child on demand. You cannot force him to eat.
Starting from 2 days, the child is offered rice porridge cooked in water. You can enter into the diet with vegetables with grated ingredients, kefir, mashed potatoes, baked apples. The portions should be small and the baby should be fed frequently (about 8 times a day).
From 3 days after the poisoning happened, the menu is expanded with such products:
- Buckwheat grain.
- Boiled vegetables.
- Low fat meat.
- Low fat fish.
- Shredded cottage cheese.
- Egg.
All of the listed products are either grinded or pureed. Children should not be given fresh fruit, cabbage, cucumbers, legumes, pasta, rye bread, beets and turnips. All of them load the intestines and aggravate the patient's condition.
The child needs to drink as much as possible in order to prevent dehydration of his body. He is offered ordinary water, compote with dried fruits, still mineral water, herbal tea with chamomile or sage. After another vomiting or diarrhea, the child should receive 100 ml of liquid. For older children, its volume is increased to 200 ml. Drink water in small sips, every 5-10 minutes.
A week after the poisoning, the child's diet is expanded. He is offered broths, steamed cutlets, meatballs, fish, cereals with milk, biscuits, cottage cheese, fresh fruit without a peel, and fermented milk drinks. Confectionery, ice cream and products that are poorly absorbed by the body (legumes, cabbage, fatty meat, etc.) remain prohibited.
Immediately after the child's stool returns to normal, you should not offer him regular foods. On a sparing diet, you need to hold out for about 3 more weeks. This will allow the digestive system to bounce back and recover. Familiar products, appropriate for the child's age, should be introduced into the menu smoothly.
Author of the article: Alekseeva Maria Yurievna | Therapist
Education: From 2010 to 2016 Practitioner of the therapeutic hospital of the central medical-sanitary unit No. 21, city of elektrostal. Since 2016 she has been working in the diagnostic center No. 3.
