Diet for liver cirrhosis
Cirrhosis is a serious liver pathology. Untreated hepatitis and alcohol abuse are the most common causes of the disease. With cirrhosis, healthy liver cells die, the organ cannot cope with its functions, which leads to inevitable destructive processes that worsen health. Disease can be prevented. Doctors all over the world have been studying its characteristics and behavior for a long time. The result of serious research has been special diets for patients with cirrhosis. Their effectiveness has been tested and proven. Compliance with dietary rules in conjunction with drug therapy contributes to the restoration of damaged cells and prevents complications.
The liver acts as a filter in the body. In case of any violations, the organ fails. Diet food stabilizes the digestive system. An adequate menu and correct selection of products restore liver tissue, normalize the patient's metabolism and general condition.
With cirrhosis of the liver, diet No. 5 is most often prescribed. Its essence is the exclusion of foods that are harmful to the liver from the diet. They are replaced with more useful ones that do not irritate the digestive tract and liver parenchyma. The body should be enriched with nutrients, while the load on the digestive organs should be minimal. The intestines and stomach must not be overloaded. Diet No. 5, complete in composition, involves an increase in the consumption of proteins and carbohydrates. In terms of fat, the amount is reduced by 30%.
Content:
- General recommendation and rules of medical nutrition
- What can you eat with liver cirrhosis?
- What can not be eaten with cirrhosis of the liver?
- Menu for a week with liver cirrhosis
- Dish recipes
- How to avoid unpleasant prospects and possible complications. We draw conclusions!
General recommendation and rules of medical nutrition
Any diet dictates its own rules. The patient will have to seriously reconsider the lifestyle, in particular the diet. The changes are about to be dramatic. Unhealthy eating habits will have to be eliminated, dietary nutrition should provide the digestive organs with rest. The liver will be unloaded, which will noticeably improve the state of health.
Taking into account the type, factors and severity of the disease, the diet is prescribed by the attending physician. By adjusting the diet on your own, without the necessary knowledge and experience, you can harm your health. Only responsible patients who are ready to follow all the rules of healthy nutrition and strictly follow the doctor's recommendations get the chances of recovery.
With diet number 5, everything is important: a set of foods, calorie content, processing and preparation method, fluid intake. Liver cirrhosis proceeds in different ways. There are no absolutely identical case histories. This pathology has forms, types and stages, therefore, when prescribing a diet, products are selected taking into account all the accompanying features of the disease.
It is recommended to adhere to the following rules:
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The diet should be fractional and balanced, the required number of calories per day is 2500-3000. Food is consumed in small portions.
- The amount of liquid drunk per day should not be less than 1.5 liters.
- Salt intake requires control. With cirrhosis of the liver, 1-2 teaspoons and no more are permissible.
- Solid, tough foods should be used pureed or crushed.
- It is not recommended to eat cold or hot food, it should be warm.
- Hide the pans. Fried with cirrhosis is subject to the strictest prohibition. Also excluded from the diet are baked dishes cooked on the grill and in the microwave. Food is steamed, cooked or baked. The use of stews is permissible no more than twice a week.
To remove toxins from the liver, doctors advise doing fasting periods. To do this, they choose a day and eat exclusively vegetable soups, dairy products, fruits from the list of permitted ones. It remains to find out what products to fill the menu with, and which ones should be discarded.
What can you eat with liver cirrhosis?
Allowed Products:
- Bread and flour products: wheat bread made from flour of the highest and 1st grade (stale), uncooked cookies, uncomfortable pastries with boiled meat and fish, cottage cheese, apples;
- Soups: vegetable, cereal on vegetable broth, dairy with pasta, fruit, borscht and cabbage soup, vegetarian, flour and vegetables for dressing are not fried, but dried;
- Meat and poultry dishes: lean or low-fat meat, poultry without skin, beef, lamb, pork, rabbit, chicken, turkey, steamed cutlets, soufflé, dumplings, dairy sausages;
- Fish dishes: lean fish, boiled fish, steamed fish in a piece or in the form of cutlet mass;
- Egg dishes: protein steamed and baked omelets;
- Side dishes and vegetables: various in raw, boiled, stewed form; non-sour sauerkraut, boiled onion, green pea puree;
- Dairy dishes: fermented milk drinks, non-acidic fresh low-fat cottage cheese, mild low-fat cheese, milk;
- Snacks: salad of fresh vegetables with vegetable oil, vinaigrette, squash caviar, jellied fish, stuffed fish, soaked low-fat herring; boiled meat and fish salads, low-fat ham;
- Sweets: ripe, soft sweet fruits and berries, raw, natural and pureed; dried fruits, compotes, jellies, mousses, marmalade, candy, honey, sugar, jam, marshmallows;
- Sauces: sour cream, milk, vegetable, sweet fruit sauce;
- Drinks: tea, fruit and vegetable juices, rosehip broth, jelly, compotes, jelly;
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Fats: butter in natural form and in dishes, vegetable oil.
What can not be eaten with cirrhosis of the liver?
Prohibited products:
- Fresh and rye bread, baked and puff pastry, fried pies;
- Meat, mushroom, fish broths, okroshka, green cabbage soup, bean soup;
- Fatty meat, duck, goose, liver, kidneys, brains, smoked meats, canned food, sausages;
- Fatty fish, smoked, salted fish, canned fish;
- Salted spicy cheese, fermented baked milk, fat cottage cheese, sour cream, cream;
- Fried and hard boiled eggs;
- Legumes, spinach, sorrel, radishes, radishes, green onions, garlic, mushrooms, pickled vegetables, turnips;
- Spicy and fatty snacks, canned food, smoked meats, caviar;
- Chocolate, cream products, ice cream, sour fruits;
- Mustard, horseradish, pepper;
- Black coffee, cocoa, cold drinks, alcohol;
- Pork, beef, lamb lard, cooking oil.
Menu for a week with liver cirrhosis
You will have to get used to healthy eating, but you should not think that during the diet, the patient deprives himself of all the gastronomic joys. With the right approach, you can always diversify the daily diet. An approximate weekly menu looks like this:
Monday
| Eating | Products and dishes |
| Breakfast 1 (8 am) |
Cottage cheese with sugar Oatmeal + Dried Fruit Green tea |
| Breakfast 2 (11 am) | Baked apple + honey |
| Dinner |
Barley vegetable soup Chicken breast Rice + vegetables Compote |
| Afternoon snack |
Steamed omelet Fruit jelly |
| Dinner |
Boiled rice + baked white fish Compote or berry juice |
Tuesday
| Eating | Products and dishes |
| Breakfast 1 (8 am) |
Cooked meat Boiled pasta Tea |
| Breakfast 2 (11 am) |
Cottage cheese Milk |
| Dinner |
Light potato soup Stuffed cabbage rolls with turkey meat Kissel |
| Afternoon snack | Apple |
| Dinner |
Rice porrige Low fat cheese Mineral water |
Wednesday
| Eating | Products and dishes |
| Breakfast 1 (8 am) |
Oatmeal porridge Tea |
| Breakfast 2 (11 am) |
Cheese and potato casserole Green tea |
| Dinner |
Vermicelli soup Boiled meat + stewed carrots Compote |
| Afternoon snack |
Oat cookies Tea |
| Dinner |
Porridge (buckwheat) Juice or compote |
Thursday
| Eating | Products and dishes |
| Breakfast 1 (8 am) |
Porridge (semolina) Tea with milk) |
| Breakfast 2 (11 am) | Any soft fruit |
| Dinner |
Soup from any vegetables Lean fish + rice Kissel from fruits |
| Afternoon snack |
Crackers Tea |
| Dinner |
Boiled fish Rosehip decoction |
Friday
| Eating | Products and dishes |
| Breakfast 1 (8 am) |
Steamed egg omelet Rice porrige Tea |
| Breakfast 2 (11 am) | Curd mass with sour cream (low-fat |
| Dinner |
Vegetarian borscht Mashed potatoes + boiled meat Compote |
| Afternoon snack |
Unsweetened cookies Kissel |
| Dinner |
Pasta Boiled carrots Mineral water |
Saturday
| Eating | Products and dishes |
| Breakfast 1 (8 am) |
Potatoes Lean fish (steamed) Tea |
| Breakfast 2 (11 am) |
Pear or apple Low fat kefir |
| Dinner |
Cabbage soup (without meat) Steamed cutlets + pasta Compote |
| Afternoon snack |
Low fat kefir Biscuit |
| Dinner |
Cheesecakes + chicken breast Mineral water |
Sunday
| Eating | Products and dishes |
| Breakfast 1 (8 am) |
Steamed cutlets Porridge (buckwheat) Tea |
| Breakfast 2 (11 am) | Carrot and apple puree |
| Dinner |
Mashed potatoes Curd pudding Baked apple Compote |
| Afternoon snack | Kissel from berries |
| Dinner |
Semolina or rice porridge Still mineral water |
Dish recipes
We offer several dietary, mouth-watering dishes that are in no way inferior to traditional recipes in terms of taste.
Potato soup
Ingredients:
- Potatoes - 400 g;
- One grated carrot;
- Butter - 1 tbsp;
- Boiled onion - 1 pc.;
- Bay leaf.
We do not sauté or fry anything. Boil potatoes, add onions, carrots. When the vegetables become soft, add a little salt, add bay leaves, butter.
Diet steaks
Ingredients:
- Potatoes - 7 pcs. medium size;
- Rice - 1/2 tbsp;
- Carrots - 2 pcs;
- Egg whites - 2 pcs;
- Salt and herbs to taste.
Boil carrots, potatoes and grate. Boil the rice. Mix the main products, add egg whites and a little salt. We form cakes from the resulting mass and breaded in flour. Pre-frying is excluded, we cook in the oven for half an hour.
Cod with vegetables
Ingredients:
- Cod fillet - 700 g;
- One bell pepper;
- Tomatoes - 2 pcs;
- Salt.
My cod, cut into large pieces, salt. Cut the pepper into strips, cut the tomatoes into circles. Place the vegetables on foil, put the fish on top and wrap. Cook for half an hour at 180 ° C.
Curd pudding
Ingredients:
- Semolina - 1 tbsp;
- Cottage cheese - 250 g;
- Raisins - 30 g.
- One egg;
- Butter - 50 g;
- Sugar - 50 g;
Grind cottage cheese with yolk. Combine semolina with butter. Beat the protein with raisins. Mix all the products, add sugar and put the resulting mixture in a baking dish. We cook steamed or in the oven.
Apple jelly
Ingredients:
- Apples - 500 g;
- Sugar - 100 g;
- Potato starch - 1-2 tbsp l.
- Water - 2 tbsp;
Cut the apples into small pieces and put them in boiling water. Add sugar, mash and bring to a boil. Fill in the potato starch and cook until the jelly becomes thick.
How to avoid unpleasant prospects and possible complications. We draw conclusions
In case of serious liver problems, the only way to save life is an expensive and complicated transplant. A natural organ cannot be replaced with an artificial one. If the diagnosis has already been made, it is extremely important for the patient to take care of himself.
Unfortunately, cirrhosis of the liver is a long-term, lifelong disease for many. If you start treatment in the early stages, the course of the disease can be slowed down, and over time it can be overcome. The well-being of healthy cells can be maintained with a balanced diet. In cirrhosis, this is one of the most important therapeutic measures, it should be supplemented with drug therapy.
The treatment is supervised by a doctor. With any questions, please contact the specialists, this is the surest way to the desired recovery.
The author of the article: Kuzmina Vera Valerievna | Endocrinologist, nutritionist
Education: Diploma of the Russian State Medical University named after NI Pirogov with a degree in General Medicine (2004). Residency at Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, diploma in Endocrinology (2006).
