Solutions For Inhalers (nebulizers)

2024 Author: Josephine Shorter | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 21:43

Solutions for inhalers (nebulizers)

Content:

• 1. Bronchodilators
• 2. Preparations thinning and expectorant action
• 3. Anti-inflammatory drugs
• 4. Glucocorticosteroids and Antihistamines
• 5. Antibiotics and antiseptics
• 6. Immunomodulators
• 7. Vasoconstrictor (decongestant) drugs
• 8. Antitussives

1. Bronchodilators

Berodual: The active ingredients fenoterol and ipratropium bromide eliminate the phenomenon of suffocation in chronic obstructive respiratory diseases. The drug is highly effective, there are no side effects.

For one inhalation for adults and children over 12 years old, 2 ml (40 drops) are required; up to 6 years old - 0.5 ml (10 drops); add 3 ml of saline to the recommended dose

Berotek: It is prescribed for the prevention and symptomatic treatment of bronchial asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. For adults and children over 6 years old - 0.5 ml (0.5 mg - 10 drops), up to 4 times a day; children under 6 years old (body weight less than 22 kg) - 0.25-1 ml (0.25-1 mg - 5-20 drops), 3 times a day; Dilute with saline to a volume of 3-4 ml.

For one inhalation for adults and children over 12 years of age, 0.5 ml (0.5 mg - 10 drops) is required, in cases of injection - 1 ml (1 mg - 20 drops); 6-12 years (body weight 22-36 kg) - 0.25-0.5 ml (0.25-0.5 mg - 5-10 drops), in severe cases - 1 ml (1 mg - 20 drops); The active ingredient fenoterol (0.1% solution for inhalation) eliminates attacks of bronchial asthma.

Salgim, Ventolin Nebula: The drug is used without the addition of saline. The active substance salbutamol (0.1% solution for inhalation), eliminates attacks of suffocation, is used for the prevention and treatment of bronchial asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

For one inhalation for adults and children, 2.5 ml (2.5 mg) is required, apply up to 4 times a day with an interval between inhalations of at least 6 hours.

Atrovent: The active substance is ipratropium bromide (0.025% solution for inhalation), eliminates asthma attacks, is suitable for the prevention and symptomatic treatment of bronchial asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The drug is safe to use.

One inhalation for adults and children over 12 years old requires 0.5 mg (40 drops), 3-4 procedures per day; 6-12 years old - 0.25 mg (20 drops), 3-4 times a day; up to 6 years - 0.1-0.25 mg (8-20 drops), 3-4 times a day (under medical supervision). Dilute with saline to a volume of 3-4 ml.

2. Preparations thinning and expectorant action

Fluimucil, ACC Inject: The active ingredient is acetylcysteine (10% solution for injection). It is used when there is a violation of the discharge of sputum from the lower respiratory tract. Facilitates the passage of mucus from the upper respiratory tract.

For one inhalation for adults and children over 12 years old, 3 ml is required, 1-2 times a day; from 6 to 12 years old - 2 ml of the drug, 1-2 times a day; from 2 to 6 years old - 1-2 ml, 1-2 times a day; Dilute 1: 1. The course of treatment is no more than 10 days.

It is not recommended to use at the same time as taking antibiotics. If it is necessary to simultaneously administer acetylcysteine and an antibiotic, use "Fluimucil-antibiotic", or use antibiotic-compatible mucolytic drugs, such as ambroxol. Preparations containing acetylcysteine reduce the toxic effect of paracetamol on the liver.

Lazolvan, Ambrobene: The active ingredient ambroxol (solution for inhalation and ingestion) perfectly treats acute and chronic diseases of the respiratory tract with the release of high-viscosity sputum. Preparations based on ambroxol are not recommended for use with antitussive drugs, such as codeine, libexin, falimint, bronchodilator, pectussin, sinecod, etc. When using ambroxol preparations, good absorption of antibiotics is noted.

For one inhalation for adults and children over 6 years old, 2-3 ml of solution is required, 1-2 times a day; from 2 to 6 years old - 2 ml of solution, 1-2 times a day; up to 2 years - 1 ml of solution, 1-2 times a day. Dilute with saline in a 1: 1 ratio. The course of treatment is no more than 5 days.

Narzan, Borjomi: For 1 inhalation - 3-4 ml of mineral water, 2-4 times a day. Before inhalation, the water is degassed. Used to moisturize the mucous membrane of the respiratory tract.

Sinupret: a homeopathic herbal remedy based on the extract of gentian (gentian) root, sorrel, primrose, elderberry, verbena. Helps restore protective properties and reduce edema of the mucous membrane of the respiratory tract in acute and chronic sinusitis. Well cleans the paranasal sinuses from mucus.

For one inhalation for adults and children over 16 years old, it is required to dilute 1 ml of the drug in 1 ml of saline; from 6 to 16 years old - 1 ml of the drug in 2 ml of saline; from 2 to 6 years 1 ml of the drug and 3 ml of saline. Recommended 3-4 ml of the resulting solution 3 times a day.

Cough medicine. Phytopreparation based on anise extract, licorice root, marshmallow root, thermopsis. An effective remedy for coughs and difficult sputum discharge.

The contents of 1 package are dissolved in 15 ml of saline without sediment. For 1 inhalation for adults and children, 3-4 ml of the resulting solution is required, take 3 times a day.

Mukaltin, phytopreparation: an expectorant for respiratory diseases.

1 inhalation requires 3-4 ml of the resulting solution, 3 times a day. 1 tablet is dissolved in 80 ml of saline solution without sediment;

Pertussin. Phytopreparation based on thyme and thyme extract. Expectorant for tracheitis, bronchitis, whooping cough.

For adults and children over 12 years old, 1 ml of the drug is diluted in 1 ml of saline; up to 12 years for 1 ml of the drug 2 ml of saline. For one inhalation - 3-4 ml of the resulting solution, 3 times a day.

3. Anti-inflammatory drugs

Rotokan, phytopreparation, alcohol extract of calendula, chamomile, yarrow extracts: Acute inflammatory diseases of the upper and middle respiratory tract.

1 inhalation requires 4 ml of a solution obtained from 1 ml of the drug and 40 ml of saline, 3 procedures per day.

Propolis, phytopreparation: Indications: inflammation, pain and trauma of the upper and middle respiratory tract. The remedy is contraindicated in case of individual intolerance to beekeeping products.

1 inhalation requires 3 ml of a solution obtained from 1 ml of the drug and 20 ml of saline, 3 procedures per day.

Eucalyptus, herbal medicine: Inflammatory diseases of the upper and middle respiratory tract. Contraindication is bronchial asthma, bronchospasm.

1 inhalation requires 3 ml of the resulting solution, 3-4 times a day. A solution of 10-15 drops of the drug and 200 ml of saline.

Malavit. Biologically active additive, alcoholic tincture based on minerals and plant extracts. Acute inflammatory diseases and pain of the upper and middle respiratory tract.

Requires 1 ml of the drug and 30 ml of saline. For 1 inhalation - 3-4 ml of solution, 3 times a day.

Tonsilgon N. Homeopathic herbal remedy, drops based on the extract of marshmallow root, walnut leaves, horsetail, chamomile, yarrow, oak bark, dandelion: It is used for tonsillitis, pharyngitis, laryngitis.

For adults and children over 7 years old, 1 ml of the drug is diluted in 1 ml of saline; from 1 to 7 years 1 ml of the drug and 2 ml of saline; up to 1 year, 1 ml of the drug and 3 ml of saline. For 1 inhalation - 3-4 ml of solution.

Calendula, phytopreparation, alcoholic extract of calendula extaract: Acute inflammatory diseases of the upper respiratory tract.

1 ml of the drug and 40 ml of saline. For 1 inhalation - 4 ml of the finished solution.

4. Glucocorticosteroids and Antihistamines

Pulmicort: The active ingredient is budesonide (suspension for inhalation, available in "children's" (0.25 mg / ml) and "adult" (0.5 mg / ml) dosages). It is prescribed for bronchial asthma, chronic lung disease, acute inflammatory diseases requiring treatment with hormonal drugs. Has anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic properties.

For 1 inhalation for adults / the elderly and children over 12 years old, 1 mg is needed, 1-3 times a day; Children from 6 months and up to 12 years old, 0.25 mg, 1-3 times a day.

Note: This drug is not used in ultrasonic nebulizers. If a single dose of the drug is less than 2 ml, then saline solution should be added to increase the volume of the inhaled solution to 2 ml. In other cases, the drug is inhaled undiluted.

Dexamethasone: It is prescribed for acute inflammatory diseases of the respiratory tract requiring treatment with hormonal drugs.

1 inhalation requires 0.5 ml (2 mg) of the drug, 4 times a day. Course - a week. Add 3 ml of saline to the recommended dose. Ampoules with the drug can be preliminarily diluted in saline in a ratio of 1: 6, apply 3-4 ml of the resulting solution.

Cromohexal: The active ingredient is cromoglycic acid (solution for inhalation, 20 mg / 2 ml), has antiallergic, anti-inflammatory, anti-asthmatic effect.

For 1 inhalation for adults and children over 2 years old, 1 bottle, 4 times a day, at regular intervals. The recommended dose can be increased by 2 times, and the frequency of use - up to 6 times.

5. Antimicrobial and antibacterial drugs (Antibiotics and Antiseptics)

Fluimucil antibiotic: The active ingredients are acetylcysteine and thiamphenicol (powder for injection and inhalation complete with a solvent). An antibiotic and a thinning and expectorant drug are administered at the same time.

For 1 inhalation for adults and children over 12 years old - 250 mg, 1-2 times a day; under 12 years - 125 mg, 1-2 times a day. The recommended dose of the drug is diluted with 2 ml of saline.

To prepare the drug, add 5 ml of solvent (1 ampoule) to the powder bottle. Do not store the resulting drug for more than a day; before use, warm to room temperature.

Furacilin: The active ingredient is nitrofural (0.024% aqueous solution, 1: 5000), has disinfecting properties. ARVI treatment, prevention of penetration of infection into the deep sections of the bronchi

For 1 inhalation 4 ml, 2 times a day. You can dissolve 1 tablet of furacilin in 100 ml of saline, 2 times a day.

Dioxidine, (0.5% or 1% solution for injection): For 1 inhalation - 3-4 ml of the resulting solution. Only 2 procedures per day. A 1% drug is diluted with saline 1: 2, 0.5% 1: 1. Possesses disinfecting properties of a wide spectrum of action.

Chlorophyllipt, phytopreparation, 1% alcoholic infusion based on chlorophyll of eucalyptus leaves: The drug is directed against staphylococcal respiratory tract infection.

For 1 inhalation - 3 ml of a solution prepared from 1 ml of the drug and 10 ml of saline, 3 times a day. The dye contained in the preparation is not washed off!

Gentamicin, 4% solution of gentamicin sulfate for injection, 40 mg / ml: For 1 inhalation, adults and children over 12 years old require 0.5 ml (20 mg) of the drug, 1-2 times a day; from 2 to 12 years old - 0.25 ml (10 mg), 1-2 times a day; Dilute the dose for adults and children over 12 years old in a ratio of 1 ml and 6 ml of saline. Use 3-4 ml, 1-2 times a day; from 2 to 12 years old, dilute 1 ml of the drug in 12 ml of saline, 3 ml for one procedure. Respiratory tract infections.

Miramistin: Broad-spectrum antiseptic. Treatment of respiratory tract infections, including those with purulent discharge.

For 1 inhalation, adults and children over 12 years old are recommended 0.01% solution of miramistin, 4 ml 3 times a day; up to 12 years old - 1 ml and 2 ml of saline, 3-4 ml 3 times a day.

6. Immunomodulators

Interferon, powder for the preparation of nasal drops: Prevention and treatment of influenza and other acute respiratory viral infections.

1 inhalation requires 2 ml of the resulting solution, 2 times a day.

Derinat: The active ingredient is sodium deoxyribonucleate (0.25% solution for external use). For the prevention and treatment of influenza, acute respiratory viral infections and other viral infections of the upper respiratory tract and their complications.

For 1 inhalation use 2 ml of the drug, 2 times a day. 2 ml of saline is added to the recommended dose of the drug.

7. Vasoconstrictor (decongestant) drugs

Epinephrine (Epinephrine): The active substance is epinephrine (0.1% adrenaline hydrochloride solution for external use or injection). It is used for bronchospasm, with allergic laryngeal edema, laryngeal edema with laryngitis, laryngotracheitis and croup. The drug is capable of causing heart palpitations!

For one procedure, adults and children over 2 years old are prescribed 0.5 ml of the drug; children under 2 years old - 0.25 ml; for adults and children over 2 years old, 1 ml is diluted with 6 ml of saline, 3 ml of solution is used once a day; for children under 2 years old - 1 ml of the drug and 12 ml of saline solution, 3 ml of solution once a day.

Naphthyzine: The active ingredient is naphazoline (nasal drops, 0.05% and 0.1% solution). For allergic stenosis (edema) of the larynx, laryngeal stenosis with laryngitis, laryngotracheitis and croup

1 ml of 0.05% drug is diluted in 5 ml of saline solution, 0.1% in 10 ml. For one procedure - 3 ml of solution.

8. Antitussives

Lidocaine, 1% lidocaine hydrochloride solution: Obsessive dry cough. Local anesthetic action. Apply after consulting a doctor!

For 1 inhalation for adults and children over 12 years old - 2 ml of the drug, 1-2 times a day; children from 2 to 12 years old - 1 ml of the drug, 1-2 times a day; Add 2 ml of saline to the recommended dose.

Tussamag, drops based on thyme extract: used for unproductive cough

For 1 inhalation 3-4 ml of the finished solution, 3 times a day. For adults and children over 17 years old, 1 ml of the drug is diluted in 1 ml of saline; for children from 6 to 16 years old - 1 ml of the drug and 2 ml of saline; for children from 1 to 5 years old - 1 ml of the drug and 3 ml of saline;

Article author: Mochalov Pavel Alexandrovich | d. m. n. therapist

Education: Moscow Medical Institute. IM Sechenov, specialty - "General Medicine" in 1991, in 1993 "Occupational Diseases", in 1996 "Therapy".